Umbono ojwayelekile wekamelo lonke uncike ohlotsheni lwophahla. Ngosizo lokupenda, ungagcwalisa igumbi ngokukhanya, ufihle amaphutha neziphambeko. Ukudweba uphahla kungenziwa kalula ngesandla. Indlela elula enjalo yokuqeda isetshenziswe isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi isathandwa namanje. Ngokufika kwezinto zanamuhla nobuchwepheshe, sekube lula kakhulu ukwenza ngcono ingaphakathi. Noma yikuphi ukwakheka kusetshenziswa kalula nge-roller noma ngebhulashi. Upende wophahla ugqama ngentengo yalo ephansi, ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene, nephalethi ebanzi yemibala.
Ukukhetha upende: izakhiwo, izinzuzo nezinkinga
Lapho ukhetha upende nama-varnishi, umuntu kufanele anake ivolumu, ukusebenza kwemasking, ukusetshenziswa, izindleko, amandla okufihla. Uhlobo lokupenda luzoncika ekutheni uyinakekela kanjani indawo edwetshiwe. Eminye imixube ingasetshenziswa kuphela egumbini elinezici zokusebenza ezingezinhle. Umkhiqizi ukhombisa ukwakheka kwe-emulsion ephaketheni. Kungaba imixube ye-matte, ecwebezelayo, ecwebezelayo.
Okunye ukwakheka kunikezwa izici zamandla. Le midwebo yakha ingubo egcwala ukungcola, egezekayo ophahleni. Zifanele amakhishi, amakamelo anomswakama ophezulu, athintana kahle nezinsipho ze-alkaline.
I-Acrylic
Ukuze upende uphahla, izingoma ezinjalo azivamisile ukukhethwa. Ubuso abuvezwanga ekucindezelekeni kwemishini, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukusebenzisa upende obizayo onempahla nezici ezithuthukisiwe. Indawo eqinile ingagezwa kaningi ngaphandle kokwesaba ukungcoliswa nokuhuzuka kwesendlalelo sokuhlobisa.
Izingxube ze-Acrylic azesabi ilanga eliqondile, elibaluleke kakhulu ophahleni olunemibala. Zingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezivulekile ezinamawindi we-panoramic. Imibala ehlukahlukene ikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe noma yimuphi umthunzi. Iphunga elinamandla lepende lizwakala kuphela lize lome ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwalokho kuthatha umthunzi ocebile. Ngenxa yokungaguquguquki kwe-viscous, okokusebenza kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukufihla imifantu emincane.
Abicah
Upende onjalo uvele emakethe yokwakha kamuva nje. I-solvent yokwenziwa kwe-resin resin ngamanzi. Lokhu kubenza babe nobungane emvelweni, bangabi nephunga ngokuphelele. Izingxube ze-Silicone zikulungele ukuhlobisa amakamelo okulala, izinkulisa. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- Ukuvuleka komhwamuko wamanzi. Uphahla nezindonga ezingaphansi kwembatho kuzophefumula, okuzokuvikela ekungcolisweni;
- Ukumelana nokushisa okukhulu, i-ultraviolet;
- Manzi. Ivumela ukufakwa kophahla emagumbini anezinga eliphezulu lomswakama;
- Ukuqina. Izinhlanganisela ze-Silicone ziyakwazi ukufihla izikhala, ukugcwalisa ikhefu;
- Ukungafani. Isisekelo singaba yinoma iyiphi impahla yophahla;
- Ukuqina. Indawo ependiwe izogcina zonke izimfanelo zayo zoqobo kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25.
Ibuthuntu
Kungukumiswa okususelwa kuzinsimbi ze-alkali, isixazululo esinamandla sama-silicates. Ukwakhiwa kufaka nezingulube, ama-hardeners, ama-filler angeziwe. Abanye abakhiqizi bakhiqiza upende we-silicate osuselwa engilazini yamanzi. Ifanele kuphela ukudweba izindawo zamaminerali. Kuyinto engaphansi kokunwebeka kuma-silicone nama-acrylic compounds.
Upende ongabizi nge-silicate stationery glue ulingana ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi indawo, noma emanzi. Phakathi kwamaphutha, umuntu angabona ukugqoka okusheshayo, ikhono lokugeza ingubo ngamanzi alula. Ngemuva kokudweba, ngeke kwenzeke ukwenza ukuhlanzwa okumanzi.
ILatex
Izingxube ezibizayo ezinezici ezinhle kakhulu. Intengo iphezulu ngenxa yokwakheka okukhethekile. Ukumboza kunokubukeka okukhangayo, akusekho imihuzuko esele kuso. Ukumelana okuhle nemvelo enomswakama kuvumela ukusebenzisa upende we-latex ukupenda uphahla endlini yangasese, ekhishini. Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo, indawo kumele iphathwe ngama-primer antifungal.
Upende weLatex awunaphunga futhi awunamthelela omubi empilweni. Ingasetshenziselwa ukusebenza emakamelweni ngaphandle komoya. Kuzothatha ukusuka emizuzwini engama-30 kuye ehoreni elingu-1 ukoma ngokuphelele. Ukunamathela okuhle kukuvumela ukuthi upende ophahleni cishe kunoma iyiphi into.
Okubi kufaka phakathi ukumelana okuphansi kwe-UV. Uphahla lwe-latex olukhanyayo luzokonakala ngokushesha. Noma ngabe kuneqhwa elincane, ubuso buqhekeka, futhi ngokuchayeka isikhathi eside emakhazeni, kungaphuma.
Upende kawoyela ophahleni nama-enamel
Ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kusekelwe ekumiseni uwoyela, i-pigment kanye nokugcwalisa. Ukwengeza umbala, abakhiqizi banezela amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene ayingozi kubo (i-zinc, usawoti wensimbi, i-titanium emhlophe, ama-oxide). Ngenxa yokubonakala emakethe yokwakha upende wanamuhla ophahleni, izingxube ze-oyela kanye nama-enamel kancane kancane balahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwabo kwangaphambili. Zoma isikhathi eside, zikhipha iphunga elingathandeki nezinto ezinobungozi kubantu.
Upende kawoyela, ama-enamel anezimfanelo ezingezinhle kakhulu kunezinhle. Isendlalelo esomile singaqhekeka ngisho nasekucindezelekeni okuncane kwemishini. Awuqinile, ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu izinguquko sezizobonakala. Inzuzo kuphela intengo ephansi. Kuyafaneleka ukunika ukukhetha kubo ngesabelomali esilinganiselwe kakhulu.
Izinto zokunamathisela
Ingxube engabizi kakhulu iqukethe ushoki, amanzi, i-glue nezingulube. Ungayithenga isilungele ukwenziwa noma uzenzele yona. Sebenzisa iresiphi elandelayo ukulungiselela okunamathiselwe ophahleni:
- Ishoki eyomile kanye ne-pigment kuxutshwe esitsheni esikhulu, ngesilinganiso sezingxenye eziyi-1000 kuya ku-35;
- Faka amanzi. Cishe ukusetshenziswa kwamalitha ama-3 nge-1 kg yenhlanganisela. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uthele emanzini kancane kancane, uvuselele njalo, kuze kube yilapho okuqukethwe kungaguquguquki kubukeka njengokhilimu omuncu oketshezi;
- Manje udinga ukwengeza i-glue yokhuni (nge-1 kg yeshoki 80 g weglue). Ungayifaka esikhundleni sokunamathisela okwenziwe isitashi;
- Isisindo esiholelwayo kufanele sihlungwe ngesihlungo sensimbi bese silethwa ngamanzi esimweni esidingekayo.
Ingxube yebhajethi yeglue ngeke ibe nekhwalithi ephezulu nazo zonke izici zokumbozwa kophahla. Ukuze ungenzi ukulungisa ngonyaka olandelayo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha ama-alkyd noma ama-enamel asekelwe emanzini.
Amaminerali kanye ne-polyvinyl acetate
Izingxube zifaka usimende, i-PVA glue, i-slaked lime. Ukumbiwa kwamaminerali ne-polyvinyl acetate kufanelekile ukudweba uphahla lukakhonkolo, kepha kuhlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ngenxa ye-hydrophobicity yabo ephansi, zingasetshenziswa kuphela emakamelweni omile.
Inzuzo enkulu yalezi zingxube ubungane bemvelo. Ziyakwazi ukunwebeka futhi azikwazi ukumelana nomlilo, zifihla ama-microcracks kuze kufike ku-1 mm kahle. Ngemuva kokumiswa, ubuso buqinile. Ngethuba elincane lokuqhekeka.
Ilungiselela uphahla lokupenda
Ngaphambi kokudweba, kubalulekile ukulungisa ubuso. Le nqubo ingathatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu kunokuzifaka amabala uqobo. Okokuqala udinga ukuhlola okwenziwe ngophahla nesimo salo. Uma isisekelo sikhonkolo, gcwalisa zonke izikhala bese usebenzisa i-primer. Uzodinga futhi ukuvumelanisa zonke izingxenye phakathi kwamapuleti. Izindawo ezenziwe ngokhuni ziyisihlabathi ngaphambi kokufaka ungqimba olumaphakathi lwenhlabathi, futhi amalunga aphakathi kwamashidi abekwe ebhodini elomile. Ukuze ususe isembozo esidala futhi usebenzise esisha, kuzodingeka ubeke isitoreji kumathuluzi adingekayo.
Amathuluzi adingekayo nezinto zokwakha
Inqubo yokususa upende wakudala ophahleni nokufaka upende omusha izoshesha futhi isebenze kahle kusetshenziswa amathuluzi akhethekile. Lokhu kuzodinga amathuluzi alandelayo:
- Roller. Ithuluzi eliyinhloko lokusebenzisa imixube kufanele likhethwe ngokuya ngosayizi wendawo okumele upendwe. Ezindaweni ezincane, kungcono ukusebenzisa isampuli encane, engasindi. Amathuluzi anhlobonhlobo angakhohlisa ukusebenza nawo. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzekela isibambo eside. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokugoqa kuxhomeke ohlotsheni kapende. Kumafutha, amakhemikhali e-acrylic, i-foam foam, i-plush ifanelekile Kuyinto elula ukufaka izinhlanganisela zokwenziwa nge-mohair roller.
- Amabhulashi. Ifanele ukufaka amabala ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka kanzima. Lapho i-rougher i-bristles, upende uzoba mkhulu.
- Ugqoko. Okunamathiselwe ngopende okukhethekile kuzokwenza kube lula ukufaka ingxube kuthuluzi, ikakhulukazi uma kuyi-roller ebanzi.
- I-masking tape. Isetshenziselwa ukunquma imingcele yokudweba, ukudala amaphethini ophahleni.
- Ama-Spatula. Ngosizo lwabo, benza umsebenzi wokulungiselela, basuse ungqimba wakudala wepende noma umcako omhlophe.
- I-stepladder. Ngokubala okuphephile nokunethezeka.
- Isandpaper. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ulinganise ezinye izingxenye zophahla, ukususa ungqimba oludala olomile.
- Izingubo zokuvikela. Kuyadingeka ukuvikela izindawo eziveziwe zomzimba ekungeneni ngopende. Lapho usebenza nezinhlanganisela zikawoyela, kubalulekile ukugqoka imaski yokuphefumula.
Isusa umcako omdala
Kwezinye izimo, kuvunyelwe ukufaka upende kumcako omhlophe, kodwa kuphela uma kungqimba oluncane futhi lunamathela ngokuqinile. Uma ushoki uqhuqheka njalo, kuvela izindawo ezibuthuntu futhi kubonakala imicu, kungcono ukungasebenzisi upende wokuhlobisa, uma kungenjalo ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha konke kuzofanele kupendwe kabusha.
I-Whitewashing iwumsebenzi ongahlanzekile futhi odla isikhathi. Inqubo yenziwa lula ukuncibilika kwamanzi okuhle koshoki. Okokuqala, udinga ukumanzisa ophahleni olucakiwe ngamanzi afudumele ukuze uketshezi lumanzise ungqimba olujiyile kahle. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa noma yiliphi ithuluzi lokufafaza noma ukusebenzisa i-roller, ibhulashi, idwangu.
Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-15-20, ungqimba lomcako omhlophe uzokhukhuma futhi ungahluthwa ungqimba nge-spatula. Izinsalela zikashoki kufanele zigezwe ngendwangu eqinile. Ngemuva kokudlula ngakunye, kuhlanze ngendwangu.
Ukususa upende wakudala osuselwa emanzini
Kunezindlela eziningana zokususa upende wakudala ngaphandle kobuqili obuningi. Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu ukucwilisa ngamanzi nokunamathisela amaphephandaba. Usebenzisa i-roller elula, yonke indawo yophahla iswakanyisiwe. Izingxube ezixoshwa ngamanzi zizodinga ukufakwa ngokujulile ketshezi kanye nesikhathi eside sokuvuvukala.
Lapho wonke umswakama usumunciwe, upende usukulungele ukuphuma. Manje ingasuswa nge-spatula. Ukuze ugweme ukuklwebheka phezulu kophahla, bamba ithuluzi engela ebukhali ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukususa upende ophahleni ngamaphephandaba kuzothatha isitebhisi kanye namahora amaningana esikhathi. Ubuso bophahla buhlanganiswe ne-glue, amaphephandaba ayasetshenziswa futhi ashiywe ukuze ome ngokuphelele. I-emulsion yamanzi izogcwala kahle ngengxube yeglue futhi izohamba nephephandaba. Izinsalela zomhlobiso wangaphambili zingasuswa nge-spatula noma nge-chisel.
Ukubeka
I-putty yokuqala isetshenziswa ophahleni olulinganisiwe nolomisiwe. Ubuningi buqoqwa kwi-spatula encane, busetshenziswa phezulu kophahla kusuka ekhoneni. Ithuluzi licindezelwa ngokuqinile ukuze inqwaba igcwalise futhi ifihle yonke imisele. Isendlalelo sokuqala senziwe saba mncane, saguquguquka ngokoqobo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukufihla ukungapheleli okuncane kobuso.
Isendlalelo esilandelayo kufanele silinganiswe kahle. Imivimbo kanye ne-burrs akuvumelekile. Izinto ziqala ukusatshalaliswa kusiqondiso zibheke phezulu nendawo evundlile, zizama ukususa ngokulinganayo amalunga phakathi kodonga nophahla. Esigabeni sokugcina sokugcwalisa, kubalulekile ukugaya. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa iflothi yokwakha enezikhala ezilumayo. Uma kunesidingo, ukuqeda ukukhubazeka, faka olunye ungqimba lwe-putty eqoshiwe. Ngemuva kwalokho uphahla luye lwaphinde lwahlikihlwa futhi lwaqala lanconywa.
Ukwenza ukuhlanganiswa kwe-putty kahle ngangokunokwenzeka, indawo ngayinye emboziwe kufanele ikhanyiswe ngebhalbhu elikhanyayo.
Ukupheda
Ukusetshenziswa kwamapulangwe amaningi we-primer kuqalwa ngemuva kokuhlanzwa okuphelele nokulungiswa kwendawo yophahla. Ibala kufanele lenziwe ngezigaba, lilinde izingoma ukuthi zome ngokuphelele. Ukunikeza amandla nokuqina kokuhlobisa okusha, ungqimba lwe-putty kufanele lusetshenziswe phakathi kokuqala. Lo msebenzi kulula ukuwenza wedwa ngokubuka ividiyo noma isithombe.
Lungisa isixazululo somhlabathi ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo. Kunokulinganiswa okuthile kohlobo ngalunye lwe-putty. Ukuze ingxube yenze ngokugcwele imisebenzi yayo, ithuthukise ukunamathela, kuyadingeka ukuyisebenzisa kahle.
Susa yonke imfucumfucu enothuli ngaphambi kokuncoma. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, ngenxa yothuli oluhleliwe enhlabathini engomile, upende ungalala ngokungalingani. Ngemuva kokumiswa okuphelele, indawo kumele isulwe ngendwangu emanzi ukuyenza ibukeke yinhle.
Izindlela zokudweba ophahleni
Ngemuva kokukhetha upende ofanele, ngokulungisa uphahla, ukumboza phansi, izindonga, ama-radiator, ifenisha enefoyili noma ezinye izinto, ungaqala ukudweba. Ungapenda uphahla ngezindlela eziningana: nge-roller, ngebhulashi, usebenzisa isibhamu sokufafaza. Ngayinye yalezi zindlela ezingenhla inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo. Ikhwalithi yomsebenzi owenziwe incike kuthuluzi elisetshenzisiwe.
Noma ngubani angapenda ngebhulashi. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, ibhulashi lokupenda kufanele lihlanzwe ngothuli. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubumbana kwebristle, abadwebi abanolwazi batusa ukuwufaka emanzini ihora elilodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo ikuvumela ukuthi uvimbele ukulahleka kwama-bristles ngenkathi kusetshenziswa odayi endaweni yophahla.
Lapho uqala ukupenda, ibhulashi kufanele licwiliswe ekubunjweni kopende no-varnish, ngemuva kwalokho kuyadingeka ukususa udayi owedlulele kuwo ngokucindezela ezindongeni zekanini noma esinye isitsha esikhethiwe. Lapho ufaka upende ophahleni, leli thuluzi kufanele ligcinwe libheke phezulu noma nge-engeli elincane, upende ngobumnene, ushukumise isandla sakho ubheke emuva naphambili.
Roller
Njengoba sekushiwo, umphumela wokugcina uncike ohlotsheni lwethuluzi elisetshenzisiwe. Yize kungenzeka ukupenda ngebhulashi, kufaneleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni ukwakheka kumabhovu, amalunga odonga, kulula ukudweba phezu kwawo amakhekhe ngawo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-roller yokupenda indawo yophahla. Ikuvumela ukuthi upende izindawo ezinkulu, ngezinga elikhulu uhlanganisa indiza ependiwe.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zaleli thuluzi, ezahlukile kulokho okusetshenziswayo njengendawo yokusebenza: irabha legwebu, i-plush, i-terry, isikhumba semvu, nenqwaba eqinisiwe. Izinhlobo zokuqala ezifakwe kuhlu zishibhile kakhulu, kepha uma usebenzisa i-foam foam kufanele ulungele ukugcwala ngokweqile kopende, imiphumela esezingeni eliphansi (ukuvela kwamabhamuza endizeni).
Amamodeli we-Plush ne-terry nawo angakhetha kukho isabelomali. Awaqinile. Ukuthungwa kwengubo ngqo kuncike kubude benqwaba. Ama-Roller anendawo yokusebenza eyenziwe ngoboya bemvelo besikhumba semvu asezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Zisetshenziselwa ukusebenza nazo zonke izinhlobo zokupenda, zinikeze umfaniswano, ukumboza okufanayo, kuvumela ukusetshenziswa komnotho ukwakheka.
Futha isibhamu
Imakethe yamathuluzi wokudweba inikela ngezibhamu eziningi zokufafaza ezihlukile ngokubukeka nokwakhiwa. Le divayisi ihlinzeka ngomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokudweba, kepha akunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzisele amakamelo amancane, lapho kudwetshwa khona izakhiwo ezinokulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi Lapho usebenzisa ithuluzi elinjalo, kufanele unakekele okokuvikela (ukuphefumula, izibuko).
Isibhamu sokufafaza noma omunye umshini usetshenziselwa kangcono ukupenda izindawo ezinkulu. Kwandisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi, ikuvumela ukuthi usabalalise upende ophahleni ngongqimba oluncane. Akunama-streaks akha phezulu, futhi uma kuvela amaconsi alenga, angahlanzwa kalula ngesiponji.Ngokungafani ne-roller nebhulashi, isifutho singakunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwempahla, okunciphisa izindleko zokugcina zokudweba.
Ukuze usebenzise le divayisi, kudingeka amakhono athile ukuze usebenze ngayo. Ekuqaleni, kudingekile ukuhlunga upende, ngosizo lwe-solvent hlanganisa udaba lokufaka umbala ku-viscosity esebenzayo. Kungcono ukungakwenzi ukukhonza kokuqala ngokushesha ophahleni. Kunconywa ukusetha umbhobho wesifutho eceleni bese ulungisa isifutho ngokulinganayo ukuze ungoni umphumela wokugcina owuthandayo.
Yimuphi umbala wokupenda ophahleni
Imibala esetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ikhishi, indlu yokugezela, igumbi lokuhlala linomthelela oqondile kumuntu, imizwa yakhe, inhlalakahle, isimo sengqondo. Ukuqonda ubunzima bezinto zomthunzi ngamunye, ungama kalula ekukhetheni lowo ofanele kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma igumbi selivele linokuphela okuthile, iphepha lodonga, khona-ke umbala wombala wehlisiwe kakhulu, futhi upende kufanele uhambisane nengaphakathi elikhona endlini.
Ukuze upende, kungcono ukukhetha izithunzi zemvelo: okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-beige, okuphuzi, okuluhlaza okotshani. Kodwa umbala ophahleni ungahluka kakhulu. Ake sihlale ngemibala ethandwa kakhulu:
- Mhlophe. Kungabizwa ngokuthi yi-classic. Lokhu kuhle kumakamelo amancane, amnyama, amnyama. Lapho ukhetha lo mbala, kufanele ucabangele ingqikithi yegumbi.
- Okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ilungele indlu yangasese, indlu yangasese, igumbi lokulala kanye nenkulisa. Akunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise ekhishini, ephaseji elimnyama.
- Okuluhlaza okotshani. Lolu khetho luzosebenza ekhishini, lubangele ukuthanda ukudla okwengeziwe. Kubukeka kukuhle ehholo. Ekamelweni lokulala, kungcono ukhethe umthunzi womnqumo.
- Okuphuzi. Umbala we-Sunny uthuthukisa kakhulu imizwa nokusebenza, kusebenze uhlelo lwezinzwa. Ifanele umhlobiso wekhabethe, igumbi lokudlala lezingane.
- Okubomvu. Akuvamile kakhulu. Inika amandla namandla, kepha ngokweqile kungadala ulaka. Akufanele isetshenziswe ekamelweni lokulala.
Isiphetho
Uphahla luyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi ingaphakathi, ngakho-ke ukukhetha okuphelile ngakho kufanele kuphathwe ngokucophelela. Ngemuva kokunquma ukuyipenda, udinga ukuqonda izinhlobo ezikhona zezingoma zombala, unqume ngezinto zokwakha namathuluzi adingekayo emicimbini, futhi ufunde ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungiselela. Isici esibalulekile umbala wepende okhethiwe. Inhlalakahle nemizwa yawo wonke amalungu omndeni kuncike kakhulu kuye. Lapho uhlela ukupenda uphahla, kubalulekile ukutadisha kusengaphambili izakhiwo zemixube yokufaka imibala nokuhambisana kwazo nezinto ezahlukahlukene. Iphutha elivame kakhulu ekwakhiweni isifiso sokonga imali ngokulungiswa efulethini.
