Izindlu zangaphakathi zesimanje zezindawo zokuhlala, amahhovisi, izitolo zivame ukuhlotshiswa ngamaphaneli we-PVC wokuhlobisa. Isizathu sokuthandwa kwalolu hlobo lwezinto zokuqedela ukusebenza kwabo, ubulula bokufakwa nokugcinwa. Ukwembesa okuhle kuzongena kunoma yisiphi isitayela, ngeke kube umthwalo omkhulu ngokweqile kusabelomali esilinganiselwe.
Mayelana namapaneli: izici nezakhiwo zento
Amapaneli e-PVC ayindlela efanelekayo kwezinye izinto zokuqedela. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kufaneleke kakhulu kunokudweba, ukuthayipha noma ukufaka odongeni. Indawo ekahle itholakala ngaphandle kokulungiselelwa okubizayo nokubiza okungaphezulu kwesisekelo.
Okuqukethwe kuqukethe i-polyvinyl chloride, engasindi, ehlala isikhathi eside, engenabungozi. Uhlangothi olungaphandle lumbozwe ngephethini yokuhlobisa kusetshenziswa ukuphrinta okushisayo, ukuphrinta nge-offset, ukuvikeleka. Isendlalelo se-matte noma esicwebezelisiwe se-varnish sisetshenziswa ngaphezulu. Lokhu kwelashwa kwenza amapaneli amelane nokuvezwa kwemishini ne-UV, futhi ibanikeze izakhiwo ze-antistatic.
Ukuhlukahluka kwamapaneli e-PVC kukhulu: ububanzi, ukushuba, umbala, iphethini. Amaphaneli ezindonga, ophahleni nasemithambekeni, abushelelezi, abhalwe ngemidwebo - ukukhetha okubanzi kwenza umthengi ongenalwazi ekuqaleni adideke.
Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwembatho cishe akunamkhawulo: amakamelo okuhlala, amakamelo anomswakama ophakeme, amathala avulekile nama-verandas avezwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi, izikhungo zokuthenga ezinethrafikhi ephezulu. Amapaneli asetshenziselwa inhloso yawo, asetshenziselwa ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa, ezisetshenziswa njengolwelwesi, ifomu, izakhamizi zasehlobo ezingabatholi zabathola "umsebenzi" engadini.
Ubuhle nobubi
Umthengi ubonge izinzuzo eziningi zamapaneli e-PVC, lokhu kufaka:
- i-aesthetics yangaphandle, kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukwakhiwa okubanzi;
- ukufakwa okusheshayo ngaphandle kokulungiselela kokuqala;
- amaphutha ezinhlakeni ezisekelayo afihliwe ngempumelelo;
- ungahlonipha noma isiphi isisekelo: izinkuni, izitini, ukhonkolo, izindawo ezikamelweni elingenamfudumalo;
- izintambo zikagesi nokunye ukuxhumana kufihlwe ngaphansi kwepulasitiki;
- amaphaneli anezinto ezinokushisa okuphezulu nezakhiwo zokuvikela umsindo, zivikela kahle komakhelwane abanomsindo;
- okubalulekile ukumelana nomswakama, izinhlamvu zesikhunta azigxili, azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Uthuli, ukufinyela okuncane ngenxa ye-electrostaticity ephansi akuqongeleliki;
- ngokungafani ne-fiberboard ne-chipboard panels, awasekeli ukushisa, okokusebenza kwe-PVC kuyazicisha, izinkomba zayo ezinobuthi ziphansi izikhathi eziyi-1.5;
- ukufakwa kuzokwenziwa ngumakhi we-novice;
- izingxenye ze-trim ezilimele kulula ukuzishintsha;
- ukuthengwa kwamapaneli akusiwo umthwalo kwisabelomali, kuzohlala isikhathi eside.
Amapaneli e-PVC nawo anezici ezithile ezingezinhle ezingabekwa ngokugcina imithetho yokusebenza:
- ukuqeda akubekezeleli ukusondela kwamadivayisi wokushisa. Indaba ngeke ivuthe, kepha emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ingakhipha izinto ezinobuthi;
- ungavezi amapaneli ekucindezelekeni okuqinile kwemishini, ukufakwa, ukukhubazeka kungenzeka;
- kungcono ukuthi ungasebenzisi ipulasitiki ekamelweni lokulala noma egumbini lezingane, izinkuni zemvelo, itshe kusengcono;
- izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi zizoshintsha umbala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma zivezwa ukukhanya kwelanga, ukutholakala kwezithasiselo ezikhethekile ekubunjweni kwenza lo mphumela ungabi namandla.
Izinhlobo zephaneli
Izinhlobo zamapaneli zihlukaniswa, kuya ngenhloso yazo: uphahla, izindonga. Lezi zamuva zihlala isikhathi eside, azivumelani nezimo, zingamelana kangcono nokucindezela kwemishini. Ubukhulu bawo bukhulu kunalobo ophahleni, ukuqina kungenxa yephesenti eliphakeme le-polyvinyl chloride. Ngeke kusebenze ukusika iphaneli elinjalo ngommese, iziqinisi zalo zisuka ku-1 mm.
Lapho ukhetha okokuqedela, naka ubukhulu bamaphaneli. Ukuhlobisa izakhiwo ngaphandle nangaphakathi, ulwelwesi lweplastiki lusetshenziswa ngamamitha amathathu ubude, ububanzi obungu-10-12.5 cm. Ngaphandle, lufana nolwelwesi lokhuni noma i-polycarbonate. Izingcezu zixhunywe kusetshenziswa i-polka (uxhumano oluncane) noma ilokhi yaseYurophu (ebanzi).
Ukuhlobisa igumbi ngaphandle, lapho ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kungenzeka khona, sebenzisa ulwelwesi lwePlastiki lwePVC, imikhono yalo ekwaziyo "ukudlala". Ukubukeka kwangempela kwempahla kugcinwa isikhathi eside ngoba izingqayi zedayi zengezwa ekubunjweni kwayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, hhayi ngaphezulu kwezingxenye eziqediwe.
Amapaneli amaLeaf abanzi (80-203 cm). Ubude bamashidi buhluka kusuka ku-105 kuye ku-405 cm. Okuqukethwe okuthandwa kakhulu ngabathengi. Ngenxa yokwelashwa kwendawo ekhethekile, amashidi aqinile futhi amelana nengcindezi eyandayo yemishini. Zibethelwe kuzipikili eziwuketshezi, izindonga kungenzeka zingalinganiswa ngaphambi kokuqeda umsebenzi.
Amapaneli e-PVC anesidingo esikhulu kunawo onke anobude obufinyelela ku-3 m, ububanzi obungu-25 noma ama-cm 50. Kusuka ngaphandle kupendiwe, ku-varnished noma kufakwe ifilimu eshisayo. Izigwegwe zazo azibonakali neze.
Amapaneli weSandwich ayisigaba esihlukile sokumboza, esinezingxenye zepulasitiki zangaphandle nezangaphakathi, phakathi kwazo kukhona i-polyurethane foam noma i-polystyrene enwetshiwe njengokugcwalisa. Uhlangothi olungaphandle, nalo, luqukethe izinhlobo eziningana zamaphepha afakwe i-formaldehyde, bese ecindezelwa. Lolu hlobo lweplastiki:
- iqine kakhulu;
- akuthinteki umswakama;
- kudume ngokuqedela iminyango, imithambeka.
Izindawo ezinendawo enzima, izindawo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo zingambozwa ngamapaneli amashidi we-PVC amancane. Ziyi-plastic, kulula ukusika, ukujoyina, ukunamathela ngqo ebusweni ngaphandle kokuqala ukudala ifreyimu. Amapaneli kaMosisi mahle, agobeka kalula, ungavumeli umswakama udlule, ungashisi.
Ukwehliswa kwamapaneli kudala ungqimba olungeziwe lokuvikela kuwo, oluvimbela imithelela nokuklwebheka. I-Lamination ihlinzeka ngamathuba angeziwe wokuhlobisa, ngoba ilingisa ngokwemvelo ukuthungwa okwenziwe ngamatshe, ukhuni, kumnandi ekuthintweni.
Amaphaneli anesithombe esinobukhulu obuthathu athandwa lapho kuhlobiswa amakamelo anomswakama ophezulu, angashintsha i-geometry nevolumu yamakamelo anezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izinhlobonhlobo zezithombe ze-3D ezicacile zisiza ukugwema izindlela ezijwayelekile, zishintsha isikhala ngaphezu kokuqashelwa.
Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho ukhetha
Izitolo zihlinzeka ngamapaneli we-PVC womkhiqizo waseChina, waseTurkey, owase-Ukraine nowaseRussia. Ngaphandle, zihlukaniswa ngombala, ubukhulu be-gloss, usayizi. Abakhiqizi base-Italiya nabaseBelgium bayamangala ngezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa, basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusha ukukhulisa ukuqina kwemikhiqizo; izinhlu zifaka phakathi amaphaneli anokuphrinta kwedijithali, izitini, isileyiti, nokusetshenziswa kwamachipsi wamatshe, nomphumela wokugqokwa ngamathayili.
- Ukwahlukaniswa kokuqala okunemibandela kokuqukethwe - kusetshenziselwa ukumbozwa kodonga noma uphahla. Uma iphaneli lizibophezela ekucindezelweni ngomunwe, khona-ke, lingabalwa eqenjini lesilingi. Ezindongeni, kungcono ukuthenga amamodeli ahlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kophahla kuvame ukuba yi-6 no-12 m ubude, nobude bodonga bungu-2.7-3, noma u-6 m.
- Musa ukujaha ezishibhile. Izindleko eziphansi zibonisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphansi zokusetshenziswa, i-glue embi, i-varnish. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umkhiqizo othengiwe uzolahlekelwa ukubukeka kwawo, uzoqala ukukhipha izinto eziyingozi, ezizovusa, okungenani, ukungezwani komzimba.
- Izici zobuchwepheshe zamapaneli acwebezelayo namatte awafani. Naka ukushuba kodonga olungaphandle, lujiyile, imodeli inamandla. Ama-specimens ahlala isikhathi eside anama-stiffeners amaningi. Ikhwalithi yepaneli ikhonjiswa ukushuba kwayo, isisindo, ukungabikho kokukhubazeka kwangaphandle nangaphakathi.
- Uma uthenga, kubalulekile ukubuza ukuthi yiluphi uhla lokushisa olunconywayo ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo. Amapaneli ajwayelekile angamelana namaconsi ama-degree angama-20. Ezinye izinhlobo zisebenze kahle emazingeni okushisa ukusuka ku -40 kuye ku- + 115.
- Thenga inani elidingekayo lezinto ezibonakalayo ngasikhathi sinye, ukuze lisuke enqoleni eyodwa, ngombala ofanayo, iphethini efanayo. Amapaneli aseduzane akufanele ahluke emthunzini noma ekuphambukeni kolunye uhlangothi noma kolunye.
- Amaphaneli agcinwe kahle futhi athuthwe ashiwo ngokuqinile nangokuqinile.
Ukuthungwa nombala wamapaneli
Kunezinketho eziningi zokuqedela ingaphambili lemikhiqizo. Indlela yokuphrinta eshisayo yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola izithombe ezahlukahlukene kusetshenziswa ifilimu lokudlulisa ezishisayo elingazukufa ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga futhi elizonikeza ukumbozwa kwezakhiwo zokuqala zokuhlobisa.
Amapaneli we-offset awakwazi ukumelana nokugqokwa, ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwawo isigaba sokuqala sifaka ukufaka iphethini ngopende usebenzisa iphrinta ye-offset, isigaba sesibili simboza umkhiqizo ngendwangu yokuvikela i-varnish enomphumela we-antistatic, okwenza ukuthi imelane nokuklwebheka namakhemikhali. Ukuphrinta nge-offset kuvimba ukuphuma kwamaphunga, okunomphumela omuhle empilweni yomuntu.
Ekudizayinweni kwanamuhla, amapaneli e-laminated e-PVC ayaqakatheka. Ngenxa yokumbozwa kwamafilimu okuhlobisa, iphaneli lithola ukuvikelwa okungeziwe kusuka ekuklwebhekeni nasemishikashikeni, lingaba nokuthungwa okuhlukahlukene okuthakazelisayo, linwebe kakhulu, futhi limelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ukwehliswa kwamapaneli kubenza babe lusizo ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi ephezulu, izindlu lapho izindonga ziklwebwa khona ngamakati nezinja. Imikhiqizo ayiqhekeki emakhazeni amakhulu, igcina ukubukeka kwayo lapho icisha osikilidi ezindongeni.
Amapaneli wezitini
Amashidi wamashidi amele isitini ngokweqiniso. Zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa zombili izindonga ngaphakathi kwegumbi nangaphandle. Ukulingisa okuyimfashini kuzoguqula ikhaya lakho. Izinto zokwakhiwa kwe-facade ezenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride zizothuthukisa ukubukeka kwendlu, zivikele izindonga emiphumeleni eyonakalisayo yemvula namazinga okushisa.
Amapaneli amatshe
Ngenxa yokuhambisana kwawo okuhle, ama-panels epulasitiki asetshenziswa endaweni ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Udonga "lwetshe" lungatholakala efulethini, ehhovisi, ekhefi noma e-cinema. Amapaneli amatshe ahlukahlukene ngombala wephalethi, alungele ukudala umoya wesitayela, othokomele ogcizelela ukunambitheka nengcebo yomnikazi.
Amaphaneli wamathayili we-ceramic
Ngokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi, lapho izinga lomswakama liphezulu, isinqumo esifanele ukukhetha ipulasitiki. Izinto zizobiza kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimbumbulu; hhayi inkosi kuphela engasebenza ngayo. Ungalungisa amaphaneli odongeni ngezandla zakho. Amakhemikhali amelana nomswakama asetshenziswe ebusweni bemikhiqizo, hhayi okubi kakhulu kunamathayili wendabuko, azovikela ekuvikeleni isikhunta nesikhunta. Akunasidingo sokukhuluma ngenani lezixazululo zokwakha ezingaba khona.
Izici nezindlela zokufaka
Kunezindlela eziningana zokulungisa amaphaneli we-PVC. Ekuqedeni uphahla, kusetshenziswa kuphela indlela yohlaka. Lokhu kungenxa yekhono lokufihla ukuxhumana, ukuhlinzeka ngephuzu noma eminye imithombo yokukhanyisa eshumekiwe ezindaweni ezilungile.
Ngokuqondene nezindonga, kungcono ukunamathisela lapha, ngakho-ke indawo izovela ibe yinde kakhulu. Ipulasitiki ihlala isikhathi eside uma ingaphambukiselwa kuma-voids akhiwe ngohlaka. Uma usebenzisa indlela ye-wireframe, kungcono ukunamathisela ipulasitiki ku-drywall elungiswe ngaphambilini.
Izinhlobonhlobo zokusebenzisa amaphaneli ngaphakathi
Izindawo zokuhlala okumele "ziphefumule" azisikwe ngepulasitiki kuyo yonke indawo. Ukuxinana okuphelele komhwamuko kwempahla kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kusizakale kulawo makamelo athambekele kumswakama omkhulu nasekungcoleni okusheshayo. Ngaphakathi efulethini kukhona ikhishi, indlu yokugezela, ihholo lokungena, ngaphandle - izindonga ze-loggias, imithambeka. Kumabhaloni nakuma-loggias, amapaneli e-PVC ahlanganiswe ngokuvumelanayo namafasitela amafreyimu enziwe ngezinto ezihlobene.
Egumbini lokuphumula
Akufanelekile ukumboza ngokuphelele izindonga ngamapaneli epulasitiki; egumbini lokuphumula kungcono ukuzihlanganisa nezinye izinto. Ukuhlobisa olunye lwezindonga ngepulasitiki kuzosiza ukugcizelela isitayela segumbi. Ngasikhathi sinye, kusetshenziswa ukulingisa okuhlukahlukene: ngaphansi kwetshe, isitini, isikhumba.
Amapaneli acwebezelayo e-3D ophahleni azosiza ekukhuliseni ngokubonakalayo ukuphakama kwegumbi. Zisebenza lapho kwenziwa ukwahlukanisa egumbini lokuphumula, ukuhlobisa amakholomu, nemengamo.
Idizayini yangempela idalwa kusetshenziswa amaphaneli wethayela anezinkuni ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, kumazinga athile, ngama-engeli ahlukene. Ukukhanyisa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi kuzogcizelela futhi kuthuthukise umphumela.
Ekhishini
Ukwehliswa kwendabuko kwe-PVC kwezindawo zokusebenza ngemishini yasekhishini, ezindaweni lapho kunesidingo khona sokuhlanzwa okumanzi njalo. I-PVC ishintsha amathayela endabuko ngenxa yokutholakala kwayo, ukufakwa okusheshayo, ukuhlukahluka komklamo. Wonke umuntu uyakwazi ukugunda izindonga zekhishi ngokuzimela. Leli elinye iphuzu lokonga.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezibonakalayo ezinokumelana nokushisa kuzici zazo. Izindawo eziseduze nezicishamlilo nezitofu zingahlotshiswa ngamashidi e-LSU ngokuqedela okulandelayo.
Ekhishini, umcabango wakho awunamkhawulo. Ukumboza oku-glossy ne-matte kufanele lapha, amamodeli anephethini nokuphrinta kwesithombe abukeka emuhle. Izikhumba zithandwa kakhulu ngama-apron - amaphaneli anamaphethini we-abstract nemihlobiso. Abathandi bakudala bazokhetha kalula izinketho ze-monochrome, labo abafuna isiphithiphithi semibala - enemibala.
Ekamelweni
Ukufakwa kobushushu nokuzwakala kwegumbi elithule kakhulu endlini kuzohlinzekwa ngamapaneli e-PVC. Into esemqoka lapha ukukhetha amamodeli ahlangabezana nezidingo zanamuhla zenhlanzeko nezempilo.
Inhloko yombhede ihlotshiswe ngemikhiqizo yepulasitiki. I-alcove emhlophe njengeqhwa ibukeka kahle endaweni yangaphakathi yentsha. Amapaneli anemibala ephezulu yokhuni azohlobisa izindonga nophahla lwamagumbi okulala endlini. Amapaneli asetshenziswa njengamapaneli abukeka ehloniphekile. Igumbi lokulala elinetimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ikhekhe le-chocolate-cream puff lifanelekile, ama-shades amancane angathathi hlangothi nama-classics avinjelwe mahle. Ungaphinda umbala wombala wephepha lodonga.
Ehholo
Uthuli, ukungcola, amabala asephenduke ikhanda kubomama abasemaphaseji kungasuswa kalula ngesiponji esithambile. Ukunciphisa ubungozi bokungcola, ingxenye engezansi yezindonga ephaseji ivame ukusikwa ngamapaneli amnyama, bese kuthi iphepha lodonga elikhanyayo linanyathiselwe ophahleni nasengxenyeni engenhla yodonga.
Uphahla olukhanyayo olwenziwe ngamapaneli e-PVC anendawo yokukhanyisa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi emaphethelweni luzodudula izindonga zekamelo elincane nelimnyama ngaphandle.
Endlini yokugezela nasendlini encane
Ukumelana nomswakama nokumelana nokushisa okushisayo kwalolu hlobo lokuqeda kwenza kube yinto enenzuzo lapho kulungiswa indlu yokugezela. Ukuba lula kwepulasitiki nakho kuxhomeke ekutheni noma ngabe kunesimo esiphuthumayo, inkinga ixazululeka kalula. Kulula ukuqaqa ingxenye yodonga lwe-PVC uphinde uyihlanganise kube sengathi akwenzekanga lutho. Yini okungashiwo ngamathayili e-ceramic.
Endlini yokugezela, indlu yangasese, izithunzi ezikhanyayo zamapaneli zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukuntuleka kokuxhumana emehlweni nakho kwenza igumbi likhanye futhi livuleke ngokwengeziwe.
Amathiphu Wokunakekela
Amanzi afudumele nendwangu ethambile ayikwazi ukuphatha noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi. Uthuli nokungcola kwasendlini kususwa kalula yizo, kepha ukungcola okuqondile akukwazi ukusulwa.
Ungalokothi uthinte indawo epulasitiki ngama-abrasives. Bakha ama-microcracks angeke "aphulukiswe". Ama-solvents ahlukahlukene kanye nama-degreasers, i-chlorine, i-acetone nawo aphikisiwe. Iphaneli lizolahlekelwa ukubukeka kwalo kwangempela nombala. Insipho ene-alikhali ingathinta nokufana kwepende.
Onke amapaneli e-PVC enziwe ngohlobo olufanayo lwezinto ezibonakalayo, kepha ngokuya ngezici zawo, ubuchwepheshe bokunakekela bungahluka. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ufundisise ngokucophelela incazelo ye-detergent ethengiwe, qala uhlole umphumela wayo endaweni ekude encane.
Uma kuvela izindawo ezinamafutha kuphaneli lepulasitiki, amamaki avela kumaka, noma umkhiqizo usuphelile, ungazama ukusula le ndawo ngesixazululo se-ammonia (1:10).Kungcono ukubeka izindawo ezinkulu zokuhlanza ochwepheshe abavela enkampanini yokuhlanza. Ekhaya, sebenzisa isepha yokuwasha izitsha noma unamathisele owenziwe nge-baking soda ehlanjululwe ngamanzi.
Imiphumela yokuzivocavoca kwezingane nge-gouache igezwa ngamanzi, amamaki wepensela - ngesisuli. Izakhiwo ezinamanzi zizomelana nokuhlanza iwindi, kepha kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela kudoti. Kungcono ukubeka ngokuhlakanipha ku-detergent ekhethekile yamapaneli epulasitiki.
Isiphetho
Izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe nezisebenzayo zithatha indawo yokuqedela okujwayelekile kokuhlobisa. Amapaneli we-PVC asezingeni eliphakeme manje awatholakali emahhovisi kuphela, kepha nasefulethini ledolobha elihloniphekile, endlini yangasese. Indaba isebenza, ilungele ukwakhiwa kwesimanje kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, ibukeka ihloniphekile. Intengo idlala indima ebalulekile. Umnikazi wezakhiwo ezizimele noma umqashi wehhovisi onesilinganiso esiphakeme sezimoto ngeke kudingeke ukuthi atshale imali enkulu ekuvuseleleni ukuzama ukudala indawo eyingqayizivele.
