Noma iyiphi indlu ifakwe iminyango yokungena eyimpumputhe, ifakwa kuphela ukuvikela indlu ezivakashi ezingamenyiwe, naseminyango yangaphakathi. Ngohlobo lokwakhiwa, lokhu kwamuva kungashibilika, ukujija, ikhasethi, ukugoqa kanye ne-pendulum. Umsebenzi oyinhloko weminyango yangaphakathi ukuhlukanisa ikamelo elilodwa kwelinye. Lesi "sithintelo" asisebenzi njengokuklanywa kuphela, kepha futhi sivikela amakamelo ekungeneni kwemisindo, kwesinye isikhathi okudingeka nje. Ekamelweni, isibonelo, kunzima ukulala uma kunehhovisi noma ihholo eduze, lapho amalungu omndeni ahlala khona kuze kube sebusuku. Izicabha zangaphakathi nazo zihlukanisa ikhishi ne-microclimate yalo ekhethekile, livimbela elokugcina ukungena emakamelweni aseduze.
Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukwakheka kunamathele ngokuthobekile kumgomo "wezikhala ezinkulu, imingcele enemibandela" nokushiya ukwahlukana ngokuphelele. Abangaphakathi kufanele "baphefumule" ngokukhululeka futhi bageze ekukhanyeni, yingakho amafulethi asestudiyo noma ukulingiswa kwabo (amakamelo ahlanganisiwe) sekuyinto ethandwa kangaka. Ukuhlobisa komnyango ngaphandle komnyango, njengomthetho, kukhethwa ngokuya ngesitayela sesitayela sangaphakathi samakamelo aseduze abelana ngawo. Ungayihlela ngezandla zakho kusuka kuzindlela ezithuthukisiwe noma ukubandakanya iqembu lochwepheshe. Inketho yokuqala iyathandeka, ngoba izobiza kancane, futhi ingxenye yokudala idlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuhlobisa. Ngokusebenzisa amakhono omakhi nomqambi, ungakha idizayini yoqobo, eyingqayizivele ezoba yinto evelele ekhaya lakho. Masikhulume ngezinzuzo zeminyango evulekile, izinto zokuhlobisa kanye nezici zesitayela.
Izinzuzo zokuvuleka okuvulekile
Iminyango evulekile inezinzuzo eziningi ezingenakuphikwa, phakathi kwazo abona ukuthi:
- Ukubukeka okuhle kobuhle. Izindlela zanamuhla zokuklama zikuvumela ukuthi udale izinketho eziyinkimbinkimbi, zangempela zokuhlobisa.
- Indawo "evaliwe", ebikade idingeka ukuvula umnyango wejingi (ejwayelekile), manje ingasetshenziselwa ukufaka izinto zangaphakathi.
- Ukukhanya okungaphezulu kwemvelo. Uma kungene iwindi elilodwa kuphela emakamelweni aseduze, khona-ke ukungabi bikho komnyango kuvulwa kuzovumela inhlayiya yelanga ingene egumbini elimnyama elingumakhelwane.
- Ukujikeleza komoya njalo. Isebenzelana namakamelo angenawo umoya omncane.
- Ukuhlanganisa izikhala ezimbili. Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukwakha ukwakheka kwangaphakathi okukhethekile, lapho amakamelo amabili ahlotshiswe ngesitayela esifanayo kufanele abe nomngcele onemibandela, hhayi owangempela.
- Ukuklanywa. Inhloso ehluke ngokuphelele yomnyango ovulekile ezimweni lapho kwakhiwa khona udonga endlini ngokungelona iqiniso, kodwa "isixhumanisi sokuxhuma" kufanele sishiywe phakathi kwamakamelo.
- Ukunwetshwa okubonakalayo "kwekhabethe" eliminyene. Uma igumbi elincane lizothathwa njengegumbi elizimele, amaqhinga wokuklama ngeke asize njalo ukulungisa isimo. Ngosizo lokuvula okuvulekile, umbono wayo wokubuka uyashintsha. Kubukeka njengokuqhubeka, okuyingxenye yegumbi elikhudlwana elikhudlwana.
- Amathuba amasha ekukhetheni ukwakheka kokuvula. Ngaphandle kokuthi abakhiqizi bayaqhubeka nokumangaza ngezixazululo zokuklama ezingejwayelekile, ama-arches ahlala eyindlela elula futhi elula kunazo zonke. Izinhlobonhlobo zamafomu wazo zikuvumela ukuthi wakhe isithombe sangaphakathi esiyingqayizivele.
Futhi, uhlu lwezinzuzo luhlanganisa ukugcinwa okulula kwesakhiwo (asikho isidingo sokugcoba ama-hinges bese usula ingilazi) kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokufaka. Lesi sakamuva asincikile ohlotsheni lwezinto zokuhlobisa; isethi ephelele yomnyango izobiza kakhulu.
Izinhlobo
Iminyango evulekile ihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili:
- Uhlobo lwakudala. Ayihlukile kakhulu kumakhithi anomnyango, inesimo esifanayo esingunxande. Okwakudala kungokwokuqala.
- Arched emnyango. Kulokhu, basebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo lezi zakhiwo zokuhlobisa ezingaziqhayisa ngazo.
Imengamo inezigaba eziqinile ngesimo:
- YamaRoma (yothando). Amagumbi abo enziwe ngendlela yombuthano, ububanzi bawo bulingana nobubanzi bomnyango.
- IsiTurkey (empumalanga). I-vaar arched imiswe njengedome.
- EBrithani. I-vault iyindilinga enqunyiwe. Yinguqulo yamaRoma ekhululiwe.
- IsiGothic (lancet). Imigqa yevault ishelela kahle isiya esikhungweni esisodwa.
- U-Ellipsoidal. I-vault ye-arched iyafana nenguqulo yamaRoma "enwetshiwe".
- IsiSlavic. Imengamo enegama "lasekhaya" iyafana neminyango evulekile yakudala, kepha inamakhona ayindilinga kancane.
- I-Transoms. Igumbi lesakhiwo liyisithulu, okungukuthi, licwebezelisiwe noma lihlotshiswe ngenye into eguqukayo.
Kukhona nokuhlukahluka kwe-Thai, lapho i-arch yaqunywa ngesigamu kwasala ingxenye eyodwa kuphela. Ezimweni ezingavamile, basebenzisa inguqulo eyindilinga ngokuphelele, njengasezindlini zokuhlala ezinhle kakhulu ezichazwe nguJohn Tolkien emakhasini ezincwadi zakhe. Izinketho ezinjalo kunzima ukuzifaka, kepha ziba yinto enhle ngaphakathi.
Ubukhulu
Kunamazinga athile alawula ubukhulu obuvumelekile beminyango, evulekile futhi evaliwe. Ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-1.9 kufana nobubanzi obungu-0.55 no-0.6 m.Uzohlangana nokuvuleka okujwayelekile ezindlini ezijwayelekile. Ngomnyango onobude obungu-2 m, ububanzi obuvumelekile bungu-0.6, 0.7, 0.8 no-0.9 m. Ezindlini ezizimele, amapharamitha angahluka. Ngokwemvelo, izinombolo ezinjalo azihambelani ngaso sonke isikhathi nezifiso zomnikazi wekhaya. Kulokhu, ukuvuleka kuyanwetshwa ngenxa yokuqedwa kancane kodonga. Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthintane nabachwepheshe abazonikeza impendulo ngqo ukuthi ngabe lezo zenzo zingenziwa yini nokuthi uzoba namiphi imiphumela.
Ubukhulu bebhokisi nakho kubalulekile. Kumafulethi kujwayelekile: 7.5 cm.Isibonisi siyadingeka ekukhetheni okulungile kwezesekeli.
Izinto zokuhlobisa
Ngaphambi kokuhlobisa ukuvulwa, udinga ukunquma ngezinto ezizosetshenziswa emsebenzini. Ngokukhetha okulula, kwesabelomali, bayama ezindwangu futhi bahlobise into ngamakhethini. Bazoletha ubumbano ekamelweni, ngaphandle kwalokho, ungashintsha into nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ezakhiweni ezinkulu, i-drywall, i-clinker (uhlobo lwethayela le-ceramic), i-MDF, i-chipboard, ama-PVC panels, ulwelwesi, ukhuni oluqinile, itshe lokufakelwa nelingokwemvelo, izitini ziyasetshenziswa.
Ezingaphakathi ezihlanjululwe ngokwengeziwe, kusetshenziswa ukubunjwa kwe-stucco polyurethane, iphepha lodonga elibizayo noma ukhonkolo wokuhlobisa emithambekeni. Ama-Platbands abaluleke kakhulu. Zibuye zihlukaniswe ngokwezinhlobo zazo:
- Okugoqene;
- Flat;
- Iyindingilizi.
Isigaba esehlukile sifaka amabhande endawo aqoshiwe - umphumela womsebenzi onzima owenziwe ngezandla ngokhuni. Kunzima impela ukuqonda inqubo yomsebenzi omuhle emakilasini amakhulu futhi uzenzele into ngokwakho, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthenga umkhiqizo wombhali ophelile.
Ngokwehlukile, kufanelekile ukuqaphela i-trim siding. Izinto zinokuthungwa kwangempela, futhi amandla ayo akuvumela ukuthi wakhe izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zohlaka ngohlobo lwamashalofu avulekile azungeze umnyango.
Amapaneli wepulasitiki
Ipulasitiki ihlukaniswa njengezinto zesabelomali ezinokuthakazelisa okunezinhlobonhlobo zemibala nobuso. Iyaguquguquka, ngakho-ke iphinda kalula izimo ezahlukahlukene zeminyango. Ekufakeni, impahla ilula, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi ubandakanye ongoti bomsebenzi. Ungakwazi ukuhlobisa umnyango ngokwakho ngokusika izinto ezidingekayo kupulasitiki, noma ungathenga ikiti elenziwe ngomumo. Kubandakanya:
- Ama-Platbands enani lezingcezu eziyisithupha. Amane ohlangothini "lwezindonga" ezinhlangothini ezimbili nezimbili ze-arch engenhla. Uma eyokugcina inesimo esingajwayelekile (i-arched), amakhithi akhethekile ayathengwa, enzelwe umnyango othile.
- Okungeziwe okuthathu. Amabili ngezindonga ezisemaceleni kanti eyodwa ingaphezulu.
Iminyango yepaneli ehlotshiswe ngepulasitiki iyindawo yonke futhi ilungele noma yisiphi isitayela. Khetha okokusebenza okunephethini elihlotshisiwe, elicashile futhi lizogobhozela kolunye lwezikhombisi zakudala. Sebenzisa insimbi ekhanyisiwe noma ukulingiswa kwezitini futhi umnyango uzoba ukwengeza okuhle kwigumbi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu noma loft.
Idwala elihlobisayo
Ngaphakathi neminyango yokungena ingahlotshiswa ngamatshe okuhlobisa. Izinto zemvelo zizifihla kahle uhlaka lwensimbi, olusemngceleni olonakalisa isimo sezulu ngokubukeka kwaso. Ngokuvuleka kwangaphakathi kohlobo oluvulekile, itshe lokufakelwa lisetshenziswa kakhulu. Indaba ilula kunemvelo, kepha ayiqinile kangako. Ukuqedwa kwamatshe noma kwezitini kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa inqubo "enqamukile" yomphetho. Amaphethelo alo athatha ingxenye yodonga futhi akhe iphethini eliyingqayizivele elilingisa umsebenzi owenziwe ngokunganaki. Le nketho ithandwa kakhulu ezintweni zangaphakathi zesimanje, njengoba yethula izisusa "zasendulo" eziphikisana "nobunono" bebonke kusethingi yegumbi.
Polyurethane stucco udini
Ngokungafani ne-gypsum stucco, i-polyurethane ayisindi. Akusabisi ukulahla izakhi phansi ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ngoba ukuwa kuzokwenza ngaphandle kokuqhekeka nezicucu eziqhephukile. Ngosizo lwe-stucco, bakha izakhiwo ze-aristocratic arched ezifanele uMbuso noma isitayela se-antique. Izakhi ezincane ziyagcwaliswa ngama-pilasters alingisa amakholomu ezinhlangothini zomnyango. Le nketho ibukeka imangalisa emakamelweni anophahla oluphansi, njengoba ilula igumbi ngokubukeka. Akunconyelwa ukubandakanyeka ekubunjweni kwe-stucco ezindaweni ezincane: ubuningi bemininingwane emincane, ebhaliwe izodlala ihlaya elibi ngokubona. Ukuhlobisa kwe-polyurethane "kutshalwe" ku-glue, okunikeza ukunamathela okuhle kunoma iyiphi indawo.
Enye yezinzuzo zendaba kubhekwa njengombala wayo omhlophe ojwayelekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungapenda indawo kunoma imuphi umthunzi, ngokuya ngephalethi lomhlobiso wegumbi.
Ukuchofoza
I-Clinker kungenye indlela ethandwayo yokuqeda. Amathayili we-Ceramic anomumo "wezitini" ongunxande, ngokungafani nesikwele sendabuko. Kunconywa ukuvula ukuvulwa usebenzisa inqubo "yokushaywa", lapho izingcezu zomugqa oseduze zisuswa ngesiqingatha sobubanzi bento. Imigqa ayihambelani nalokhu kufakwa, okwenza ukuthi kufezeke ukufana ngezitini. Uma, lapho uhlobisa izindonga ngale ndlela, kungadingeka ukusika i-clinker, ngoba wonke umugqa wesibili kufanele uphele ngengxenye yethayela, bese ukuhlobisa ukuvuleka abangena emaphethelweni "adabukile". Lo mklamo ubukeka uyisitayela nenhle. Ububanzi bombala wamathayili we-clinker akuvumela ukuthi ukhethe okokusebenza ngokuhambisana nanoma iyiphi iphalethi yangaphakathi.
Izindwangu
Indlela elula yokuhlobisa ukuhlobisa umnyango ngamakhethini endwangu. Ngalezi zinhloso, kusetshenziswa i-tulle elula namakhethini asindayo. Lezi zokugcina ziqoqwe ezinhlangothini futhi zilungiswe ngokubanjwa okukhethekile. Abanikazi bavumela, uma kunesidingo, ukushiya ukuvula kuvulekile noma ukukumboza ngokuphelele. Amakhethini entambo nawo asetshenziswa kabanzi: "ayimichilo" yendwangu ekhethekile yokwenziwa evuleka ngokukhululekile ekuvulekeni futhi idale ukukhohlisa kwesithiyo. Izindwangu njengokuhlobisa zilula kakhulu, zingasuswa kalula uma ziwashwa noma zifakwe amakhethini nge "isitayela" noma umbala ohlukile lapho kuguquka ingaphakathi.
Design imibono
Umkhuba womnyango "owakhelwe ngaphakathi", noma kunalokho inkohliso yawo, usetshenziswa kabanzi. Isixazululo esinjalo sifanele amafulethi lapho kungekho ndawo yokubeka izincwadi. Umtapo wezincwadi wasekhaya ubekwe emashalofini avulekile azungeze umnyango. Ekhoneni eliseduze, bahlela indawo yokufunda: itafula elithokomele elinesihlalo sezingalo noma usofa omncane. Ezingaphakathi zanamuhla, abaklami bavame ukuzama, futhi ukuma komnyango kuba yindaba yokuhlolwa kokuklanywa. Bangalandela ama-keyholes, ama-vases, babe yindilinga ngokuphelele, noma babe nemiphetho egobile engalingani.
Ukuvulwa kwangempela kuyahambisana "namawindi" okuhlobisa ezinhlangothini, ama-void akhanyisiwe agcizelela izici zontaba, noma amashalofu kolunye uhlangothi. Isixazululo sokuqala kuzoba ukufakwa kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezinemihlobiso yezimbali ngaphezulu kwegumbi. Bazokwelula "iziqu" zensimbi phansi. "Imivini" eyakhiwe ihlinzeka ngobukhona babanikazi abakhethekile lapho kufakwe khona izithombe zomndeni ezinobukhulu obufanayo.
Idizayini ejwayelekile
Umklamo ojwayelekile uvame ukwenziwa ngepulasitiki noma nge-MDF. Lezi zinto zitholakala futhi ngamanani aphansi. Kunconywa ukuthenga isethi, esivele ifaka ama-platbands nezandiso. Konke umnikazi okufanele akwenze: ukufaka.
Umnyango wakudala ungabonakala ubukeleka kakhulu futhi uyisicefe kwabaningi. Ngokuvamile, izinketho ezinjalo zikhethwa ngabalandeli bezinkolelo ezingathandi izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni noma ngaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, umnyango wohlobo lwakudala ovulekile uphinde usetshenziswe endaweni "enempilo", enemibala. Idlala indima yento evinjelwe ekhulula isikhala.
Umhlobiso we-arched
Arches ngomlingo ukwandisa isikhala. Bakha umphumela "wenkululeko" futhi bagcwalise womabili amakamelo ngokukhanya nomoya. Ezimweni eziningi (ngaphandle kokukhethwa kukho kwe-Thai), izakhiwo ze-arched ziyalingana. Zenzelwe ngokufanele, njengokungathi zisesithombeni sesibuko. Ngezitayela zakudala, imengamo ihlotshiswe nge-stucco, ama-bas-reliefs nama-pilasters ezinhlangothini. Ingaphakathi elinomklamo ofanayo lizobukeka lilihle futhi libize.
Izindwangu zamakhothamo we-transom zihlotshiswe ngengilazi nama-slats amancane enza iphethini yejometri. Izinketho ze-asymmetric ziyagcwaliswa ngama-niches, amashalofu okuhlobisa, ukukhanyisa. Izakhiwo ze-arched zixhuma noma yiziphi izakhiwo, akukho mingcele kulokhu. Yize kuvame kakhulu ukutholakala okunjalo kuvuleka phakathi kwephaseji elincane futhi negumbi eliseduze (imvamisa ihholo).
Inketho yokuklama i-Accent
Iminyango evulekile ngokwabo isivele iheha ukunakwa, ngoba akukho ukwahlukanisa okujwayelekile ekwakhiweni kwabo. Ukuze uthuthukise indlela okhuluma ngayo, khetha enye yezindlela zokwakha bese uqokomisa into usebenzisa:
- Imibala. Ukuvulwa kungaba nomthunzi ogqamile nokugqagqana neminye imininingwane ye-accent ngaphakathi.
- I-Sveta. Ezakhiweni ze-arched zezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, izindawo zivame ukuhlinzekwa lapho kutholakala khona amalambu.
- Imidwebo. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokumbozwa kodonga "ngisho" (upende, iphepha lodonga, ukhonkolo), umnyango ungabonakala ngempumelelo ngokususwa kwetshe, isitini noma i-stucco.
- Amafomu. Inketho ejwayelekile kakhulu, ngoba uhlaka lokuvula lungacatshangwa ngokuzimela. Bese uzifaka ku-drywall noma nge-plywood bese, ngenxa yalokho, uthole umhlobiso wombhali.
Ngokwemvelo, ukuthuthukisa umphumela, ungahlanganisa amasu angenhla. Umnyango wokugqamisa uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa impahla nge-austere, izitayela ezingaphansi.
Ungawufihla kanjani umnyango
Imvamisa umnyango ufihlwa yifenisha. Isixazululo sangempela kungaba ukubeka ikhabethe lapha, i-rack enodonga lwangemuva noma ikhabethe elakhelwe ngaphakathi. Phambilini ukuvuleka bekumbozwe okhaphethi basodongeni. Manje isixazululo esinjalo sithathwa njengengxenye yesikhathi esedlule, futhi uma ungakwazi ukusifihla ngemuva kwento enkulu, ungayihlobisa nge-plasterboard noma nge-plywood. Ubuso budwetshiwe noma bunamathiselwe ngephepha lodonga, kanti ikholaji yemidwebo noma izithombe ilenga ngaphezulu. Ukuhlobisa okunjalo kuzoba okugqamile ngaphakathi, futhi izivakashi ngeke ziqagele nokuthi abanikazi bazo bazisebenzisela ukufihla umnyango ongasetshenziswanga.Kusuka kuzinto ezifanayo, ungakha i-niche yokuhlobisa lapho kufakwe khona amashalofu avulekile okugcina izinto ezincane. Idizayini ilula ngoba ingahlukaniswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Emakamelweni ahlukahlukene
Akunconyelwe ukweqisa ngokweqile ngomhlobiso womnyango emakamelweni amancane. Khumbula ukuthi zivame ukwenziwa zivuleke ukuze zibonakale zikhulisa isikhala. Idizayini engalungile ingaphikisa wonke umphumela. Emakamelweni avulekile, akukho mingcele ekuhlobiseni kwalesi sici. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuvulwa kuyisakhiwo esinamacala amabili, ngakho-ke kufanele senzelwe ukucabangela ukuphuma "kwamakamelo amabili ahlukene.
Uma izixazululo zabo zesitayela zihlukile, khona-ke lo mzuzu kufanele uboniswe lapho kuqedwa isakhiwo. Ekuhlobiseni ushintsho phakathi kwekhishi namanye amakamelo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izindwangu. Ingahanjiswa kalula iye endaweni “evaliwe” futhi ivikela amanye amakamelo kusuka ephungeni elonakalisayo kanye nezinhlayiya zamafutha ezintanta emoyeni.
Isiphetho
Into ngayinye yangaphakathi, noma ngabe ingabonakala ingabalulekanga kangako ekuqaleni, ingaba yinto ebalulekile yomdwebo wobuciko. Ngomhlobiso ofanele, iminyango ejwayelekile ingaphenduka ukugqama kokwakhiwa kwamakamelo amabili ngasikhathi sinye. Izinhlobonhlobo zamafomu, ukuqeda, okokusebenza, ukwakheka kwawo, imibala kanye nokwakheka kukuvumela ukuthi uqhamuke futhi uhumushe empeleni kube yimibono yokwakha enesibindi kakhulu.
