Uphahla lwokhuni ngaphakathi luyisixazululo sesimanje nesitayela. UWood uboleka kahle ekucutshungulweni, okukuvumela ukuthi uphile noma yimiphi imibono engavamile yokuklama. Isimbozo sophahla esenziwe ngokhuni singaba lula ngamabomu futhi sibe luhlaza, noma singamangala ngokunethezeka nobuciko baso. Okwenziwe, kucatshangelwa ukwakheka, umbala nesitayela sezinto ezithile zokuqedela, kuzolungela kuzo zombili izindlu zangaphakathi nezesimanje kanye nezekusasa. Ngakho-ke, uphahla lwamapulangwe luphinde lube sezingeni lokuthandwa kwalo namuhla. Kepha akusisona kuphela isizathu sokufunwa kwayo.
Izici zophahla lwokhuni
Inzuzo yayo enkulu emehlweni abaklami nabathengi bezinsizakalo zabo ubungani bemvelo nokuphepha. Besuthi ngezinto zokwenziwa ezisanda kufakwa, abantu baphinde babuyele koku "okukhohliwe kahle", kepha okuqinile futhi okuqinisekisiwe "okudala". Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zesimanje zokucutshungulwa kwezinkuni zikuvumela ukuthi ukhohlwe ngezinkinga ezinjengomlilo wephutha, ukuhlaselwa kwamabhungane, ukugcwala komswakama ngokweqile nokubola. Umuthi ufakwa ngamafutha abalulekile, adume ngezindawo zawo zokwelapha. Ukungena emkhathini wegumbi, izingxenye zazo zinomthelela omuhle empilweni yabakhileyo bendlu.
Amandla wemvelo wento yokuthatha umswakama owedlulele futhi awubuyise ngesikhathi esomile kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwe-microclimate efanelekile. Izici ezingekho ezikhangayo ngokhuni yikhono lalo lokushisa nokuvala umsindo. Futhi ngenxa yempilo yayo ende yokusebenza, ukhuni oluphansi lunenzuzo enkulu kunamaphethelo amaningi aziwayo.
Izinhlobo zesilingi zokhuni
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezenziwe ngokhuni ziyamangalisa. Sibala izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokuqeda kulesi sigaba, ezethulwe:
| Amapulangwe ezinkuni | Izakhi ezahlukahlukene zokuhlelwa nokuhlelwa kweshidi. Inokunethezeka futhi inesithukuthezi, yanoma ikuphi ukwaziswa kwangaphakathi namathuba wezezimali. |
| Ibhodi lokunamathisela | Impahla yentando yeningi futhi eguquguqukayo efanelekile nasezakhiweni ezilula - amabhavu, izindlu zemithombo, izinkuni zokubasa kanye namahhovisi athokomele, amakamelo angaphambili noma amakamelo okuhlala. |
| Amabhodi wokufaka | Iqeda ngezinto ezilula nezithembekile, ezitholakala ngemiklamo ehlukahlukene. |
| Ipulangwe | Ukumbozwa okungabizi kakhulu okuvula amathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. |
| Iphephadonga elenziwe ngokhuni | Embozwe ngongqimba lwokhuni, agcina zonke izinto zawo. |
Amapulangwe enkuni
Inzuzo enkulu yamapaneli kulula ukufakwa. Lo msebenzi ungenziwa ngezandla zakho. Izingcezu ngazinye zinamathiselwe kulathing ngezipikili noma izibopho, noma zilungiswe ngqo ophahleni ngeglu. Uma kunesidingo sokushintshwa, izinto zophahla zingasuswa kalula. Kulokhu, akudingekile ukuqaqa yonke ingubo.
Ukuma kwemikhiqizo kwehlukile. Akhiqizwa ngesimo semichilo, amashidi nezinto zokuhlelwa kokukweleka. Amapaneli akuvumela ukuthi ufihle ngokuphelele izintambo zikagesi. Ngakho-ke, zonke izinhlobo zezimo zokukhanyisa zivunyelwe. Futhi, abukho ubunzima bokufaka ngokuphelele noma yiziphi izibani ophahleni lwamapulangwe.
Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza, kukhona amaqembu amakhulu amabili wamapaneli wokhuni. Le mikhiqizo:
- kusuka kumatshe amaningi abalulekile. Ekwenziweni kwezinkuni ezisetshenzisiwe i-oki, i-maple, i-beech, i-alder. Ukugcizelela ubuhle bemvelo bamabhodi emvelo, amaphaneli aphathwa ngemastikhi ekhethekile. Zenza imicu yemvelo ikhanye futhi icace ngokwengeziwe, ngenxa yokuthi ukuthungwa kwemvelo kwezinkuni kudwetshwa ngokucace kakhudlwana futhi kuba kuhle kakhulu futhi kuphumelele;
- kusuka kuzendlalelo eziningana ezixhunywe ndawonye. Isendlalelo esingaphezulu sokuhlobisa senziwe ngezinhlobo eziyigugu, kanti esezansi senziwe ngezihlahla ze-coniferous.
Uphahla lwamagumbi okuhlala emakhaya okunethezeka luvame ukuhlotshiswa ngamapaneli kanokusho anemidwebo emihle eqoshwe ngemidwebo. Zifakwe ukwakheka okunika ukukhanya okucacile okukhanyayo nokudlala.
Ulwelwesi
Indawo evame kakhulu yokusetshenziswa kwalokhu kungumhlobiso wamakamelo we-steam, amasimu, ama-balconi, izindlu zezwe. Kepha akukho okuvimba ukwenza uphahla lwendlu efulethini kuyo - uma umbono womklami uyayidinga. Amabhodi okuqala angalashiwe angamabala ngombala owufunayo, apendwe noma avele agcotshwe ukuze kugcinwe okusanhlamvu kwemvelo kokhuni.
Kunemikhakha eminingana yolwelwesi - kuya ngekhwalithi yayo:
| Isigaba esingeziwe | Izinkuni ezibiza kakhulu zikhethelwa ukubulawa kwazo. Ukuba khona kwamabala amnyama namafindo ebusweni bemikhiqizo eqediwe kulesi sigaba akuvunyelwe. |
| Isigaba "A" | Inani elincane lamafindo lingaba khona. Ubuso bebhodi kufanele bushelelezi futhi buqonde ngaphandle kwemifantu noma izifaca. |
| Isigaba "B" | Ubuso buphawuleka ngokuba khona kwamafindo, imifantu emincane nokudangala, okususwa ngokugcwalisa inqubo yokukhiqiza. |
| Isigaba "C" | Imikhiqizo eqediwe enokukhubazeka okuncane - imifantu eqoshiwe, imifantu namafindo. |
Ukugwema izinkinga ngokufakwa, kubaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha ulwelwesi ukuze uhlole ngokucophelela amalunga olimi-ne-groove ngobuqotho.
Amabhodi wokufaka
Imikhiqizo yakhiwa ngokuhlanganisa izinkuni ezichotshoziwe ngengxenye yokunamathela.
Izinketho zomkhiqizo:
| Chipboard | Amapuleti akhiwa nge-sawdust ne-adhesive. |
| I-Fiberboard | Ihluke kohlobo lwangaphambilini ngokuba khona kwezintambo zezitshalo esakhiweni. |
| MDF | Le nto yenziwa ngosisi omncane ohlanganiswe ne-lingin. |
Ipulangwe
Lapho uthatha isinqumo ngezinto zokubekwa ophahleni, kuyaqabukela kwenzeka kunoma ngubani ukuthi asebenzise ipulangwe ngalezi zinhloso. Futhi ngokuphelele ize. Ngosizo lwale nto, ungakha ophahleni oluhle, futhi olubaluleke kakhulu olungavamile nolukhethekile.
I-plywood yinto equkethe izendlalelo eziningana ze-veneer, ngasinye sazo sisebenza ngokufana nesedlule. Okokuqala, umnyombo we-coniferous wenziwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-maple, i-birch noma i-alder veneer inanyathiselwe kuyo ezinhlangothini zombili. Ukuhlukahluka kwe-elite, i-beech isetshenziswa.
Okokusebenza kuyehluka ngezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- inani lezendlalelo - lingahluka. Khiqiza izinhlobo ezintathu, ezinhlanu-ungqimba, nezingu-multilayer zento;
- ngezinto zokwakha;
- maqondana nokumelana nomswakama - okujwayelekile, ngokuvikelwa okwandisiwe okuswakeme, okunamathiselwe ngezinga eliphakeme lokumelana;
- uhlobo lokucubungula - olunendawo enesihlabathi futhi engalashwa.
Izinto ezingapholishiwe zilungele indlu yezwe noma ukwakhiwa okungaphandle. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa i-plywood ukuhlobisa uphahla lwephaseji endlini yangasese noma egumbini lokuhlala lesithabathaba somuzi, kufanele unikeze ukukhetha amapuleti anesihlabathi asezingeni eliphakeme. Amapaneli amahle anemihlobiso enemibala azoba umhlobiso ogqamile futhi oyingqayizivele wegumbi.
Iphephadonga lezinkuni
Basiza ukwenza kabusha umoya okhethekile wenduduzo yemvelo ekhaya. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinto ezisetshenziswayo kulesi sigaba. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ngokuya nge-feedstock nangendlela okusetshenzwa ngayo.
Izinhlobo zephephadonga elinendawo yokhuni:
- Amapaneli ahlanganisiwe enziwe ngamapulangwe amancane wokhuni, ukushuba kwawo kungeqi ku-2 cm.Izindleko zawo zincike enanini lenkuni esetshenzisiwe;
- Veneered - ungqimba oluncane lwokhuni lwemvelo, u-3 mm ubukhulu, lunamathele kusisekelo sephepha. Ingaba nendawo ehlobisiwe nehlobiswe ngobuso;
- Ukhokho - Kumbozwa ukhonkolo lwekhonkolo ochotshoziwe ephepheni. Ukuze uvikele okokusebenza iphunga namakhemikhali, phezulu kuvulwa ngongqimba oluncane lwe-wax. Iphephadonga likhiqizwa ngesimo samapuleti kanye nama-rolls wamamitha ayi-10.Imikhiqizo ye-Roll ayinakho ukufakwa futhi ingapendwa nganoma yimuphi umbala;
- Izinto ezenziwe ngokhuni eziphathwe ngomshini. Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe inika izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinezimfanelo ezithuthukisiwe - ukumelana kwazo nomlilo, ukulimala ngomshini, kanye nomswakama kuyanda. Amaphephadonga we-TMD ayagezeka. Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezihlahla zisetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwazo. Imikhiqizo eqediwe ibonakala ngemibala yemabula.
Izinto zokugoqelwa ephepheni noma ukusekelwa okungalukiwe kuyindlela efanelekayo yezakhi zokusetha ezibizayo. Zilungiswa ngeglu ngqo ophahleni. Akunasidingo sokwakha ikesi futhi usebenzise imali ezintweni ezengeziwe.
Isisekelo okuzonamatheliswa kuso isithombe sangemuva kufanele sibhebhe, ngakho-ke uma kunamaconsi amakhulu nemifantu ejulile ophahleni, kufanele asuswe ngosimende.
Isigaxa sophahla
"I-chord" yokugcina ekuhlelweni kophahla lwokhuni ngokungangabazeki iyisigaxa. Leli yigama le-plinth ophahleni, elithwala imisebenzi eminingana ngasikhathi sinye. Uyasiza:
- fihla ukungahleleki nokukhubazeka ekuhlanganeni kwengubo enkulu nodonga;
- dala indawo enhle. Isihlokwana sichaza umugqa wophahla, silubeke ngohlaka olubabazekayo, njengomdwebo, bese silunikeza ukubukeka okuphelele nokuzwakalayo;
- vala imifantu, ufihle izintambo zokukhipha ikreyithi.
Ngesixazululo ngasinye sangaphakathi, ungakhetha ama-baguette afanele. Okwezakudala - eziqhoshayo - eziqoshiwe, ezibaziweyo, zenguqulo yesimanje - i-laconic, enongwe, hhayi ekhanyayo.
Imishayo yamanga
Imishayo yezinkuni engenalutho inika ikamelo ukuthinta okukhethekile. Ziletha ubulula be-rustic nobumnene bendlu yezwe emafulethini asedolobheni. Ngenxa yabo, kungenzeka ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningana zokwakha ngasikhathi sinye:
- ngokubukeka "hambisa" uphahla;
- "Yelula" igumbi ekubhekeni kwemishayo;
- zone igumbi;
- dala imigqa ephikisana ngokusobala nesizinda sophahla, ngokuvumelana ne-plinth, ama-platbands nezinye izimpahla;
- beka izintambo zikagesi emigodini, lungisa amalambu bese uthuthukisa isimo sokukhanya esingelutho.
Izimo ezahlukahlukene zemishayo engenalutho zivumela ukumbozwa okuphelele kwamapayipi nezintambo.
Lapho wenza imishayo yamanga ngokhuni lwemvelo ngezandla zakho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngesikhathi senqubo yokumisa, umthungo ohlanganisa ama-slats ngamanye ungasakazeka futhi ubonakale.
Imibala yezinkuni
Lapho ukhetha umbala ophahleni lwokhuni, kufanele ugxile ohlelweni lombala jikelele wekamelo. Ukumboza kufanele kungene ngaphakathi futhi kubukeke kukuvumelana kukho. Ukuqedela ngemithunzi emnyama kufanelekile ezimeni ezinhle zokukhanyisa egumbini elinophahla oluphezulu. Esimweni esiphambene, kungcono ukhethe izinto ezikhanyayo ezizohambisa ngokubonakalayo ukugqagqana, zikwenze kube nomoya futhi kungabonakali.
Lapho uthatha isinqumo ngombala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho kuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga, izinto zokhuni zingaba mnyama.
Yiziphi izitayela ezizolungela?
Ukuqedwa kophahla ngokhuni kuhle emakhaya anomuzwa we-rustic, kanye nokwakudala. Kodwa kungenxa yezitayela zezwe lapho i- "Hunter's Lodge" nophahla olunjenge-chalet luyinto ebalulekile futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Kokubili kokuqala, ukwenziwa okuluhlaza, okuluhlaza kuyamukelwa, okunikeza yonke iqoqo ukubukeka kwemvelo kakhulu.
Inani elikhulu lemishayo ngaphansi kophahla lifana nesitayela se-chalet, esimunce izici zendlu yaseSwitzerland eyi-rustic. Kepha uma ufisa, izinto zokhuni zingangena ngokuvumelanayo cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi. Konke kuncike ezintweni ezithile kanye nasemcabangweni wombhali womklamo.
Uphahla lwenkuni luzokwengeza induduzo engavamile nokuqala kunoma yiliphi ikhaya. Ngokuhlanganiswa nezinto ezihlobisa ezifanele, ukumbozwa okunjalo kuzobukeka kukuhle.
