PLOT ON THE SLOPE: DESIGN AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN IDEAS

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Izincomo zokuqinisa umthamo

Ngaphambi kokwenza umthambeka esizeni, kufanele uqiniswe, uvikeleke ekuweni komhlaba. Kepha okokuqala, hlola:

ajule kangakanani amanzi angaphansi komhlaba;
imithambeka eminingana emthambekeni wesiza;
ingakanani ingcindezi yomhlabathi;
yini ukwakheka kwenhlabathi.

Lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe kahle futhi ubeke izindonga zokugcina noma okunye okunye, ngakho-ke, gcina ukwakheka komhlaba okwenziwe isikhathi eside.

Siqala ukusebenzela ukuqinisa:

Tshala izitshalo ezinezimpande eziqinile ezithuthukile ukuxhasa indawo ephakanyisiwe ngomthambeka omncane.
Yakha izindonga ezincane zokugcina uma umthambeka unamandla futhi ingcindezi yomhlaba iphakeme. Kamuva sizoxoxa ngobuhle nobubi bokugcina izindonga ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukene.
Faka ama-geotextiles ukusiza ukuvikela inhlabathi ekuxubeni nasekugundeni. Ilungele imithambeka efinyelela kuma-degree angama-60. Sebenzisa ama-geomats ezindaweni ezinomoya: ziyahlangana nezimpande, zakha ukumboza okuzinzile okuvikela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.
Beka i-geogrid eqinile: iphinda ukukhululeka, iqinise, ivikele ekugezeni kwenhlabathi nokwehla.
Faka ama-gabion wokuhlobisa ekwakhiweni kwezwe lokwakheka kwendawo emthambekeni: banezela isitayela, bavikela ukunyakaza, baba namandla futhi bathembeke ngokwengeziwe eminyakeni edlule.
Khweza uthango oluphansi lwe-monolithic (olwenziwe ngezitini, ama-slabs, amatshe) ngasentabeni naphakathi kwezindawo - azidingi ukunakekelwa, ziyindlela enhle kakhulu yokugcina izindonga.

Ukugcina izindonga kwenziwa nge:

Itshe. Inzuzo enkulu imvelaphi yemvelo nokuqina. Kubukeka kufanelekile kuzungezwe utshani nezihlahla, kungenela kalula kuphrojekthi yokwakhiwa kokuhlobisa isiza emthambekeni. Ubuchwepheshe basendulo bokwakhiwa kwamatshe obuyinkimbinkimbi buyinkimbinkimbi, budinga ulwazi namakhono: amabhulokhi afaneleke kahle komunye nomunye akhethiwe, abekwa ngaphandle kosimende, kuyilapho isakhiwo esinjalo sizosebenza iminyaka eminingi. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje benza kube lula ukubeka: izingxenye zilungiswa nosimende wosimende, ngakho-ke akudingekile ukuthi ukhethe amatshe ngokokuma kwawo. Izikhala kwesinye isikhathi zigcwala imfucumfucu.
Izinkuni. It is prereated nge ukukhulelwa okuvikelayo. Ekwakhiweni kokugcinwa kwezindonga, izinkuni zezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zokunqamulela zisetshenziswa: isiyingi, isikwele, isicaba. Izinkuni zemvelo nazo zingena kalula ekwakhiweni kwesiza, kepha ngokungafani nenketho yokuqala, ayiqine kangako - ngakho-ke, ukuphakama kwesakhiwo kunqunyelwe ku- ~ 35 cm Ukuze amabhodi noma izingodo zibambe, ziyaqiniswa ngezinsimbi zensimbi noma udaka lukakhonkolo.
Isitini. Yize imvelaphi yayo yezimboni, isitini esibomvu sihambisana kahle notshani obuluhlaza kanye namafihle asebenzayo. Ukubeka kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukhonkolo, udonga lokugcina luqinile, alunamandla okwembatha. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, isisekelo siyathululwa impela - sizogcina isakhiwo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.

Ukuthungatha

Isigaba esibaluleke kunazo zonke ekwenzeni ngcono isiza emthambekeni, esivame ukuhlanganiswa nokwakhiwa kwezindonga ezigcinwayo, siyathayipha. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamathala, kungenzeka hhayi kuphela ukumisa ukuguguleka, kodwa futhi nokubeka kahle isiza emthambekeni ngokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwesikhala esisebenzisekayo.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokufaka inhlabathi ithala:

Lapho umthambeka wesayithi uba mkhulu, kulapho kwenziwa khona "izinyathelo" futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Umsebenzi wenziwa ngokuqinile ekuqaleni kwekwindla noma entwasahlobo.
Kuyisibopho ukufaka ipayipi lesiphepho, elingeke livumele izimvula ukuthi zihlanze amathala.
Indawo, ubukhulu nenani lamabhilidi kunqunywa kusengaphambili.

Esithombeni kunamazinga amathathu wamathala esizeni

Kunezinhlobo ezine zamasimu, ngayinye enezici zayo futhi isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zokusiza umhlaba:

Ridge. Ifanele imithambeka yama-8-12 degrees. Izindunduma ezincane zenziwa zinqamule imithambeka, ezinokuphakama okuphezulu okungama-30-50 cm. Imvamisa zisetshenziselwa izivini.
Unyathele. Imvamisa zisetshenziselwa ukuklama izindawo ezisemadolobheni. Izinyathelo zingamamitha ayi-3-15 ububanzi futhi ziqiniswa ngezindonga.
Ukudonsa. Ifanele imithambeka esuka kuma-degree ayi-10. Isetshenziselwa ukutshala itiye, ikhofi, izithelo ezisawolintshi.
Amaswidi. Ifanele imithambeka ngama-35-40 degrees. Imiphini ithululelwa enhlabathini etholakala emiseleni yesiphepho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ishaft ngayinye elandelayo iphakeme kunaleyo eyedlule.

Noma yimuphi ithala liqukethe isiza, ithambeka langaphakathi nangaphandle, i-berm (indawo ephakathi kwamasayithi amabili).

Umsebenzi wezinguquko zokuphakama ucacisiwe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuphathisa ochwepheshe: bazokwakha uhlelo, bamake insimu, baqinise imithambeka futhi benze imigoqo ebushelelezi lapho kuzokwazi ukuhlomisa indlu, ukuhlela ingadi yemifino kanye nendawo yokuzilibazisa.

Isithombe sikhombisa isibonelo sokwakhiwa kwamatshe okwomile

Yini indlela engcono yokuhlela indlu nezakhiwo?

Ukwakhiwa kwendlu ngqo kuncike ezingeni lomthambeko nezilinganiso zejoloji (ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, okwenzeka emanzini). Ukunemba kwalezi zinkomba kunquma ukukhetha okuyisisekelo kwesisekelo futhi, ngokufanele, namandla esakhiwo.

Esithombeni yindlu yesimanje evela ngenhla

Ulwazi olulandelayo luzosiza ukubeka kahle indlu emthambekeni wesiza:

Ukuqondiswa kwelanga. Okufudumele kuzoba semithambekeni eseningizimu nasentshonalanga. Uma uhlala esimweni sezulu esibuhlungu, lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu - ungonga ekushiseni futhi ujabulele ukushona kwelanga okuhle.
Ukungena. Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sesigaba sokwakha: udinga ukucabanga ukuthi izinto zizolethwa kanjani. Futhi ngokuzayo, kuzodingeka ushayele umgwaqo cishe nsuku zonke - ngakho-ke ibanga ukusuka endaweni yokupaka ukuya emnyango wendlu akufanele libe lide kakhulu.

Esithombeni kunendlu enkulu enephuli echibini

Ezokuxhumana. Elinye lamaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu futhi ayisisekelo ukuthi amanzi azolingana kanjani, lapho umsele uzobe ukhona, ukuthi kuzokwazi yini ukwelula izintambo kusuka kulayini wamandla.
Beka emthambekeni. Uma uzohlala phezulu impela, lokho kuhle, vele ubeke indlu phezulu. Kepha kaningi kukhona omakhelwane esizeni ngenhla nangaphansi - ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ubheke okungenani okungenhla, noma kunalokho indawo yohlelo lwabo lwamanzi.

Ama-nuances wokuhlela amathrekhi

Zilungiselele ukuhamba emthambekeni. Ukwenza ukunyakaza kukhululeke, cabanga ngohlelo lwezindlela nezitebhisi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Imizila phakathi kwale mikhakha emibili iyenza imijikeleze - ngokungafani nemigwaqo eqondile noma yezinyoka, kulula ngokwenyama ukukhuphuka wehle ngayo.

Umqansa kufanele ufakwe ileli ekhululekile. Uma ithambeka lingumqansa futhi kunezinyathelo eziningi ezihleliwe, yenza amapulatifomu phakathi kwazo - okungcono ngamabhentshi engadi anethezekile noma ama-gazebos, ikakhulukazi uma abantu abadala behlela ukuhlala noma ukuhlala endlini.

Esithombeni sesitebhisi esenziwe ngokhuni

Izindlela nezitebhisi zivame ukwenziwa ngento efanayo nezindonga zokugcina - ngakho-ke ukubukeka kukonke kuyavumelana. Kepha cabanga ngokuphepha kobuso: ngesikhathi semvula neqhwa, indawo engaphezulu akufanele ishelele, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuhamba ezindleleni kuzosongela impilo. Imvamisa kukhethwa itshe elinomhlwenga noma ukhuni olungapholishiwe.

Imigwaqo yezindlela ihlotshiswe ngamatshe, imingcele yokhuni noma eluhlaza, izimbali, izihlahla eziluhlaza njalo, nezihlahla ezihlanzekile zitshalwe eceleni kwazo.

Esithombeni kunemigwaqo egandayiwe enokuphakama

Yini okufanele uyicabangele lapho uhlela indawo yakho?

Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakheka kwendawo yesiza emthambekeni, hlola lezi zici ezilandelayo:

Indawo. Ithambeka eliseningizimu ngokungangabazeki lithandwa kakhulu ekukhuleni kwezitshalo okunamandla. Kwasenyakatho, udinga ukukhetha izinhlobo ezithile ezithanda umthunzi.
Umthambeko. Akuzona zonke izithombo ezingaphila engeli - tshala amasimu aqondile, nasemithambekeni, khetha izinhlobo zezembozo zomhlabathi ezinezimpande ezinesizotha.
Ukuncoma. Ngabe inhlabathi esekhotishi lakho lasehlobo iqukethe ini? Kulula ukukhetha izitshalo ezilungile ngokushesha kunokuzama ukulungisa umhlabathi wamahlumela angenamqondo.
Umswakama. Amanzi agelezela phansi, ngakho-ke izitshalo ezithanda umswakama zizozwa kahle ezansi.

Noma iyiphi intaba ezenzakalelayo iyindlela enhle ye-alpine slide noma indawo yamatshe. Ngosizo lombhede wezimbali onezigaba eziningi, ungacwenga indawo ezungeze indlu noma ushaye ezinye izindawo eziphakathi kwezitebhisi.

Esithombeni kunendawo yokuzilibazisa eyindilinga eduze kwendlu

Ukukhetha izitshalo:

Ukuqondisa okulula. Akuzona zonke izimbali noma izihlahlana ezingamelana nelanga elishisayo emithambekeni eseningizimu, kepha i-sedum emelana nesomiso, i-loosestrife, i-catnip, i-thyme ne-cinquefoil izozizwa kahle. Ehlangothini olusenyakatho, kuyisiko ukubeka i-phlox, i-astilbe, i-lungwort, i-periwinkle, i-saxifrage.

Indawo. Okuphakeme - ukufudumala komoya nokomisa inhlabathi, ngoba lezi zimo zifanelekile: i-eremurus, i-sedum, igundiwe. Endaweni emanzi, epholile enomsele omuhle, i-barberry, i-cotoneaster, i-buzulnik, i-fern ikhula kahle.

Ukuqinisa. Izitshalo ezinomsuka obanzi otshalwe phakathi kwamathala emthambekeni omncane, zisiza ukugcina inhlabathi isendaweni. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-loosestrife, i-veronica, i-phlox, i-ivy, i-clematis, i-ground cover rose.

Imibono yokwakheka komhlaba

Lapho ubeka izingxenye ezahlukahlukene, akubhekwa kuphela ukuqondiswa kwelanga, kepha futhi nendawo emthambekeni:

Izihlahla ezinde noma zezithelo zibekwa phezulu, eduze kwendlu. Ukuhlelwa kwethambeka uqobo lwenziwa ngosizo lwezihlahla nezimbali.
Amachibi, izimpophoma, amadamu nezinye izakhiwo zamanzi zehliswa - lapho zingagcwaliswa ngokuzimela ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Ukubukeka kwe-volumetric kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokukhululeka kwemvelo, kufanele nje ukugcizelele ngezitshalo ezihluke ngosayizi.
Sebenzisa izinhlobo zokweluka nezinwabuzelayo, imivini ukushaya izindonga nocingo - izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha zizokwenza ukuba indawo ibe yemvelo ngokwengeziwe futhi ihlaleke abantu ngenkathi yokuqala.
Hlela kabusha amasimu amancane emibhede: asevele enemingcele futhi awadingi mzamo omkhulu ekulungiseleleni umhlaba wokutshala.
Khetha ingqikithi ejwayelekile uma ukuthola kunzima ukucabanga ngenhlanganisela yezitshalo: ngensimu yaseJapan noma yaseFrance, ngokwesibonelo, kunemithetho ethile. Ukubalandela, uzokwakha kalula umklamo ohambisanayo wensimu yakho.