Izimiso eziyisisekelo
Ukwenza inqubo yokupheka ekhishini ikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka, landela le mihlahlandlela eyisisekelo:
- Ububanzi beminyango yokungena okungenani buyi-80 cm (ingcono kune-90). Akufanele kube khona izithiyo endleleni yokuzivula.
- Ibanga eliphakathi kwama-vertices amabili kanxantathu osebenzayo (usinki, ifriji, isitofu) alikho ngaphansi kuka-110-120 cm futhi alikho ngaphezu kuka-2.7 m. Indawo elula ekhishini - 90 cm, 110 cm - uma abantu abaningi ngezikhathi ezithile bengqubana.
- Ukuze kube lula ukunyakaza nokuvula iminyango, ububanzi obuphakathi kwemigqa emibili yefenisha enesakhiwo esifanayo noma esimise u-u isethwe okungenani i-120 hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-180.
- Shiya u-80 cm phakathi kodonga netafula lokudlela ekhishini ukuze ulingane kahle, u-110 cm ukuze ungene kahle futhi ulula ngemuva.
- Ububanzi bendawo yokudlela yomuntu oyedwa ngama-60, okungukuthi, emndenini wabantu abane udinga itafula elingunxande 120 * 60.
- Ubuncane bomhlaba ezinhlangothini zombili zesinki ngamasentimitha angama-45-60, amapuleti - 30-45.
- Isikhala esanele semikhiqizo yokusika - imitha eli-1. Ibanga eliphephile ukusuka esitofini kuya kuhodo - 75-85 (igesi), 65-75 (ugesi).
- Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwekhishi lokusebenzela okungama-85 cm kufanelekile kubantu abanokuphakama okungu-150-170. Qondanisa ukuphakama nobude bakho: okuphansi (75-85) noma ubude (85-100), indawo elungile yomsebenzi kancane ngaphansi kokhalo.
- Ukuphakama kwekhabethe eliphezulu ngenhla kwekhabethe eliphansi ngamasentimitha angama-45-60, nakho kuya ngobude. Kufanele ukhululeke ukufinyelela eshalofini elingezansi ngaphandle kwendle.
Ithiphu: Ukuze unqume ukuphakama okuphelele kwetafula, goba izindololwane zakho ngokulingana phansi. Linganisa ibanga elisuka entendeni yesandla liye phansi bese ususa u-15 ngomphumela oyifunayo ekhishini.
Imithetho yokubekwa kwefenisha
Lapho uhlela ikhishi lakho, ungalifaki kabusha isondo, bheka umthetho osebenzayo nosebenzayo kanxantathu osebenzayo. Kunezinketho eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko zokubeka ifenisha yasekhishini, ngakunye unxantathu otholakala ngendlela ehlukile.
Umugqa. Ikhishi eliqondile akusona isibonelo esihle kakhulu se-ergonomics. Ukuhlelwa kolayini owodwa ngeke kuvumele ukusatshalaliswa kahle kwezindawo zokusebenza, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwengeza ngesiqhingi noma ngebhafa bese uthatha esinye seziqongo ohlangothini. Kepha uma indawo yegumbi ivumela ukwakheka komugqa owodwa kuphela (ngokwesibonelo, kuKhrushchev encane), beka usinki enkabeni, ushiye ibanga elanele ukusuka kuwo uye esitofini nakwisiqandisi.
Irowu ephindwe kabili. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa emakhishini amancane futhi kubhekwa njengokulula. Isibonelo se-ergonomic sokubekwa isitofu nosinki obhekene nesiqandisi. Kulesi simo, akudingeki ukuthi ujikeleze njalo uzungeze i-eksisi.
Esithombeni kukhona ikhishi elinamamojula aphezulu ehlisiwe
Ikhona. I-ergonomics yekhishi ilula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kuyo. Indawo yokuwasha iphushelwa ekhoneni noma eduze kwaso, iziqongo ezisele zizotholakala ezinhlangothini zombili. Ukuze uthole induduzo eyengeziwe, oda i-beveled module module.
Ubumbeke njengo-U. Inketho ebanzi kakhulu, esebenzayo. Isinki ifakwa maphakathi nendawo, isiqandisi kanye ne-hob kusezinhlangothini. Into esemqoka ukuthi umjikelezo wonxantathu osebenzayo awudluli ku-9 m.
Isiqhingi. Noma yiziphi izakhiwo zangaphambili zefenisha zingathuthukiswa nesiqhingi. Iza kahle ekunciphiseni ibanga phakathi kwama-vertices esikhaleni esikhulu, noma ngokupompa ihedsethi eqondile. Kulula ukubeka i-hob kwimodyuli eyengeziwe, ayidingi ukuxhumana.
Sisabalalisa amasistimu esitoreji ngokuhlakanipha
I-Ergonomics ayigcini nje ngokuklanywa kwesitayela nokuhleleka kwekhishi okulungile, kepha futhi isitoreji esihleleke kahle. Ngokusho kohlelo lokuklanywa oluvundlile, kunezindawo ezi-4 ezihlukanisiwe:
- Iphansi kakhulu (kufika ku-40 cm ngaphezulu kwephansi). Kubonakala kabi, kudinga ukugoba noma ukuqhosha ukuze ufinyelele entweni oyifunayo. Bagcina izinto ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu - izitsha, ukudla.
- Phansi (40-75). Ukuze ufinyelele okuthile, kufanele ugobe phansi. Ifanele ukugcina izitsha ezinkulu, imishini emincane.
- Isilinganiso (75-190). Indawo yokubuka enethezekile kakhulu ezingeni leso nesandla. Kunengqondo ukuhlela lapha lokho okusebenzisa kaningi: izitsha, izitsha, ukudla, okokusika.
- Okuphakeme (190+ cm). Kufanele kube lula ukukhipha into noma ukuyibeka, ngoba kufanele usebenzise isihlalo noma iladi. Gcina izinto ezilula ezingaphuli.
Esithombeni kunendawo yokugcina ekhishini ekhishini
Izindawo zokugcina izinto kufanele futhi zehlukaniswe ngezindawo ngokusebenza kwekhishi:
- Izitsha nezitsha zokupheka, okokuthosa, okusanhlamvu kusala eduze kwesitofu.
- Isinki inekhabethe lokomisa, ibhokisi lokusika, okokuhlanza, izipanji.
- Endaweni yokusebenza uzodinga imimese, amabhodi, izitsha.
Ithiphu: Uma kungenzeka, thula i-countertop ngangokunokwenzeka ngokususa konke okudingayo kumakhabethe noma ukuwuphakamisela kwi-apron. Kulokhu, ezintweni zangaphakathi zesimanje, uhlelo lwamapulangwe ophahla noma amashalofu angeziwe asetshenzisiwe.
Ama-nuances wokukhanyisa nendawo yezitolo
Noma yikuphi ukukhanyisa efulethini kuyinto ejwayelekile, yokugqamisa noma yokuhlobisa, kuya ngendawo nokukhanya kwayo. Ngokwemithetho ye-ergonomics yasekhishini, eyodwa kuphela yezinketho eziphakanyisiwe ngeke ikwanele.
- Ukukhanya okuphelele ekhishini kuvela kukhandlela ophahleni, osanda kuthathelwa indawo amalambu amancane amancane noma izindawo eziqondisayo. Akudingekile ukulengisa isibani ngokuqinile maphakathi nendawo noma ukubeka izindawo ezungeze umjikelezo wonke - kwanele ukugqamisa indawo ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Ukukhanya okulengayo kungcono ekamelweni lokudlela kanye nokukhanya okuqondisayo kwegumbi lomsebenzi.
- Ukukhanyisa kwe-Accent kusetshenziswa ngaphezu kwendawo yokusebenza futhi kuyengeziwe ekuphekeni okunethezeka. Ukukhanya okunjalo kungatholakala ngaphansi phansi kwamakhabethe asodongeni, esikhaleni esiphakathi kwabo nephinifa, odongeni ngesimo sesibani noma amalambu angahleleka, ophahleni (uma unekhishi elingenawodilophu abaphezulu).
- Sebenzisa izibani zokuhlobisa ekhishini njengoba ufisa, ngokwesibonelo, ukukhulisa udonga oluqoshiwe noma ukudala umoya osondelene.
Esithombeni kunekhishi elime ngo-L elinesiqandisi emnyango
I-ergonomics yekhishi ithinteka ngqo ngenombolo nokubekwa kwezitolo. Wonke umuntu kudala wazi ukuthi lapho kuningi kubo, kungcono. Kulokhu, awukwazi ukubeka amasokhethi noma yikuphi, kufanele atholakale lapho uzosebenzisa khona okokusebenza.
Ngisho nasesigabeni sokuhlela ikhishi, thola ukuthi indawo kanye nobungako bazo buqondile (ngokungeza izinto ezimbalwa). Kungcono ukufihla ukuvuleka kwepulagi lesiqandisi, isitofu, umshini wokuwasha izitsha nezinye izinto zasendlini ezinkulu ngemuva kwamadilowa - ngakho-ke zizohlala zingabonakali, futhi uzoba nokufinyelela nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Kokuncane, kunalokho, uzodinga ukukubeka endaweni ebonakalayo endaweni yokusebenza ekhishini. Uhlobo lwakudala ku-apron lungashintshwa ngamamodeli akhelwe endaweni yokusebenza noma anamathiselwe phansi kweshalofu / ikhabethe.
Esithombeni, ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kwethebula lekhishi
Ungakhohlwa ngokuphepha
Ikhishi elilula i-priori alikwazi ukuhlukumezeka, zivikele:
- Hlanganisa amamojula aphezulu ukuphakama komuzi. Lapho umuntu ophethe izivakashi ephakeme, kufanele babe ngaphezulu.
- Thenga amakhabethe aphezulu angaphansi kuka-15-20 cm kunalawo aphansi, wenze ama-protrusions angeziwe kusigaba esiphansi ukuze kube lula ukupheka ekhishini.
- Oda iminyango evula phezulu yama-ergonomics womugqa ophezulu ukuze ugweme imithelela ku-facade evulekile.
- Susa i-hob kusukela ku-walkway nasemnyango, unciphise amathuba okuthinta izitsha ezishisayo.
- Susa isitofu segesi ngamasentimitha angama-40 ukusuka kusinki nakumasentimitha angama-45 ukusuka ewindini.
- Nakekela ukuvulwa kwamahhala kwayo yonke iminyango, ushiye imitha yesikhala samahhala phambi kwabo.
- Sebenzisa iladi lekhishi eliqinile esikhundleni sezihlalo ezixegayo ukuze ufinyelele phezulu.
Esithombeni, isikrini esivikelayo sezingane esitofu sasekhishini
Yini okudingeka uyazi mayelana nale nqubo?
I-ergonomics yasekhishini ayihlukaniswa nendawo elungile yemishini. Ake sibheke yonke imininingwane:
Ipuleti. Ngokumangazayo, i-hob for burners 2-3 izokwanela imindeni engama-50% - ngokunciphisa ubukhulu bendawo, uzokonga isikhala sendawo yokupheka. Ihhavini lisanda kuhlukaniswa kaningi nesitofu, lifakwa epulangweni lepensela ezingeni leso. Kuyinto elula kusukela ekubukeni kwe-ergonomics: kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuqapha ukulungiswa nokukhipha ishidi lokubhaka. Ungakhohlwa ukunikeza indawo eduze kwepensela lapho uzobeka khona izitsha ezishisayo.
Isiqandisisi. Umthetho oyinhloko we-ergonomics ukuvula umnyango odongeni. Okusho ukuthi, lapho uyivula, kufanele ube nendlela yamahhala kusuka ohlangothini lwethebula phezulu. Ukuze uyenze ithathe isikhala esincane, yibeke ngewindi, ekhoneni elikude, eduze nomnyango wekhishi, noma ku-niche.
Imicrowave. Yibeke eduze kwesiqandisi, ngoba imvamisa sisebenzisa i-microwave ukukhipha futhi sivuselele ukudla. Ukuphakama okunethezeka kwe-ergonomics - 10-15 cm ngaphansi kwamahlombe.
Umshini wokuwasha izitsha. Kufanele ibekwe eduze kokuphakelwa kwamanzi (ukuze ungadingi ukuxhumana), udoti (kungaba lula ukulahla ukudla okusele) kanye nekhabethe lesitsha (akudingeki ugijime ikhishi lonke ngesikhathi usethula izimpahla).
Umshini wokuwasha. Futhi, ungayikhiphi emapayipini amanzi nakumapayipi endle. Kepha qaphela ukukhipha ukudluliswa kokudlidliza kweminye imishini - okungukuthi, ungayikubeki eduze komshini wokuwasha izitsha, isiqandisi, uhhavini.
Igalari yezithombe
Ngosizo lwelungiselelo elinekhono lendawo yokusebenza netafula lokudlela ngokwe-ergonomics, kanye nenhlangano yokugcina ecatshangelwayo, ungapheka ngokushesha nangokuzijabulisa.
