Kulula ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezinto zangaphakathi ngezinto zokuhlobisa. Lokhu akunzima ukuthola - izibuko ezingaphakathi kwanoma yiliphi igumbi zixazulula le nkinga ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle komsebenzi wezinsiza, benza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wengxenye ebonakalayo yomklamo, baguqula igumbi libe ngcono. Kepha ukuze isiphetho sifune isitayela nokufaneleka, kufanele uzijwayeze ngobuciko bokuqamba kanye nezitayela zakamuva.
Izibonelo zezithombe zokusetshenziswa zizonikeza ugqozi futhi ziphakamise ukuthi yiluphi uhlaka lwesibuko oluzodlulisa umlingiswa kangcono. Indawo elungile nokukhethwa kwendlela efanelekile yokuhlobisa igumbi kuzoqinisekisa ukwakhiwa kwephrojekthi ethokozisayo - enhle noma enesibindi.
Imisebenzi ngaphakathi
Kwamanye amakamelo endlu endlini yokugezela nasekamelweni lokugqoka, izibuko ziyadingeka ukuze zona, okokuqala, zenze umsebenzi wazo omkhulu. Egumbini lokuphumula noma kuhlelo oluvulekile, bangenza okuningi. Ngemuva kwalokho umsebenzi wokukhombisa ukubukeka komnikazi ufiphela ngemuva, noma kungenzeka ungenziwa nhlobo: izakhiwo zokuhlobisa ziya phambili. Hhayi izibuko ezijwayelekile kuphela, kepha namathayili, amaphaneli angasetshenziswa ekuhlobiseni kwangaphakathi. Yimiphi imisebenzi ezobhekana ngqo nayo, ikakhulukazi uma ingaphakathi linemibala ekhanyayo:
- kuzothuthukisa ukuqonda okubonakalayo kwesikhala;
- kuzokhuphula izinga lokukhanyisa;
- izoshintsha ubukhulu bekamelo;
- fihla isakhiwo esivelile;
- izoveza umqondo wesitayela.
Uhlaka luba imininingwane esemqoka eza phambili: ukubukeka kwesibuko kwanamuhla noma kwakudala kuncike kuso. Izinto zayo zingahluka - ipulasitiki yanamuhla ingamangaza kamnandi.
Imithetho yendawo yokuhlala
Kuzo zonke izibuko ezingaphakathi, hhayi kuphela igumbi lokuphumula, kunemigomo ethile yokubekwa, kuya ngomphumela oyifunayo:
- Isikhala esandisiwe - maqondana newindi.
- Ukuguqula igumbi elingunxande libe isikwele ngaphezulu - eceleni kwezindonga ezinde.
- Ukwengeza komoya, ukukhanya kukhombisa ukuphela kokukhanya.
Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Ezifanele:
- ungabeki izinto ezinkulu kakhulu njengosofa eduze kwesibuko;
- njengesinqumo sokugcina, kufanele babe nombala okhanyayo;
- izinto eziningi ezincane zizodala umqondo wesiphithiphithi.
UFeng Shui wenza okwakhe, kwesinye isikhathi okuyihaba, izidingo zemvelo. Zikude ne-aesthetics yangaphakathi, futhi ziqukethe "cha" okuqinile: maqondana nombhede, umnyango wangaphambili, maqondana. Kepha kunengqondo ethile kulokhu. Ukulinganisela, ukulinganisa okuqinisekisiwe kwezibuko, ukuphakama kokubekwa - kuzoletha induduzo, okuyisisekelo sokwakhiwa okulungile.
Uhlaka lwesitayela
Ukubiywa kwesibuko kukhethwe ngobunye nesitayela segumbi; kufanele impela ihambisane nemvelo ezungezile. Uma amafreyimu enziwe ngokhuni, ibanga nomthunzi zikhethwa ngokucophelela. Abanye abameleli bashintsha ngokuphelele izinto zobuciko. Lokhu kutholakala ngenxa yesimo esingajwayelekile, ifreyimu engavamile. Lezi zamuva ziyimisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, ebaziwe.
Imvamisa izibuko ezisegumbini lokuphumula ziba nokubumba okumangazayo, kugcizelela ukunethezeka nobuhle, uma kuyisitayela esidala noma somlando. Itafula elincane lomhlahlandlela lizokukhombisa ngokulingana kwemininingwane ehlukile nesitayela esithandwayo.
| Isitayela | Amafreyimu adume kakhulu | |||
| Imisebe yelanga | Izinkuni ezimhlophe | Amafreyimu avalwe ngesiliva | Amagwadule wokhuni aqoshiwe | |
| Okomlando (uVictorian, uBaroque) | + | + | ||
| Okwakudala | + | + | ||
| I-Art Deco | + | + | ||
| Ukuvuna, i-retro | + | + | + | |
| Izitayela zasemakhaya (izwe) | + | |||
Muva nje, abaklami bebelwela hhayi kuphela ukuzwakalisa imisebenzi yabo, kodwa futhi nokuzimela, ngakho-ke baxuba ngesibindi izinto zezitayela ezahlukahlukene. Inketho: isibuko kuhlaka oludala olubhekene nodonga lwezitini lweloft ejwayelekile. Kepha ukulinganisela kuphela okuhlukanisa isitayela se-fusion nokunambitheka okungalungile. Uma ungabaza, kungcono ukunamathela kunguqulo ethulile.
Ngokuqondene nezitayela zesimanje, khona-ke indawo eyinhloko ingeyombala. Kaningi kunalokho, isizinda esimhlophe noma esifana ngokusobala, isizinda esingathathi hlangothi siyizaba esikhulu sokwengeza ukugqama ngohlaka. Imibala ejabule izokhuthaza, futhi izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha ngeke zenze ukuthengwa kwezesekeli ezikhanyayo, ezinamanzi ngaphezulu.
Abakhiqizi bayaqhubeka nokumangala ngokuza namafreyimu abukeka ngaphandle kwebhokisi futhi alungele igumbi lokuphumula elihlotshiswe ngesitayela esinesibindi, sobusha: ngokuma kwezindebe, i-racket yethenisi neminye imibono yasekuqaleni.
Okwangempela ngokulula: akukho luhlaka
Labo abathanda ubuncane, ukungazikhohlisi emininingwaneni yokuhlobisa kufanele bakhethe amamodeli angenawo amafreyimu. Kepha lokhu akusho nakancane ukuthi zonke izixazululo ezinjalo zibukeka njengezimo eziyindida zejiyomethri ezisuka kwindwangu ebonisiwe. Ngakho-ke, amamodeli anomphetho we-wavy anikezwa.
Kungenzeka wenze ingaphakathi likhululeke ngosizo lwesibuko esenziwe kusetshenziswa inqubo yokuguga okufakelwayo. Abanye abakhiqizi basebenzisa izinto eziningi zesabelomali salokhu (ama-alloys ensimbi: ithusi, i-zinc, i-aluminium). Intengo yomkhiqizo ngeke yehluke kakhulu kunaleyo ejwayelekile, kuyilapho inokuthungwa okucwebezelayo okujulile, ngaphandle kohlaka oludonsela kuyo.
Enye indlela ethokozisayo (neyesabelomali) yokuvuselela ingaphakathi lakho ukudweba. Ngemuva kwalokho ifomu elilula nokuntuleka kokwenza ifreyimu kuyindlela efanelekayo yalokhu. Le ndlela izogcizelela ukukhanya kwangaphakathi. Kulula impela ukukhetha umhlobiso ofanele nombala - ziholwa yimibala ehilelekile. Thermoplastic ikuvumela ukudala imidwebo-ntathu. Ngokuvamile, noma isiphi isibuko ngaphandle kohlaka lwesimo esiqondakalayo (i-oval, unxande) siyindlela enhle yokubonisa imizwa yakho yokudala. Ukuhlobisa ngesimo sezimbali zokufakelwa kusuka ezintweni ezilahliwe kubukeka kuthakazelisa.
Ubuningi
Ukutholakala kwezibuko eziningana odongeni ngasikhathi sinye kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi ngisho igumbi elivaliwe, njengephaseji, lizoguqulwa. Le ndlela engajwayelekile ibuye ilungele igumbi elikhulu elisendlini, ngoba futhi kuyindlela esefashinini yokuhlobisa udonga olungenalutho. Amaqoqo wakamuva avela kubakhiqizi anikela ngokuhlukahluka okulungiselelwe okulungele ukuzihlanganisela. Yimiphi imibono nezimiso abaklami abaphakamisayo:
- ngobukhulu obufanayo, ukwakheka okulula;
- amafreyimu afanayo wokubukeka okuhle;
- ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi - shiya ngaphandle kokubiyela;
- ukulinganisa okuqinile noma ukunganaki kwamahhala kuyindaba yokunambitha;
- izibuko eziningana eziyindilinga - izinhlangano ezine-sunbeams;
- eyodwa enkulu futhi encane, enesymmetrically eseduze.
Ukuqanjwa kwesibuko - imizwa ehlukile
Kunzima kakhulu ukubhala ukwakheka okucacile kusuka ebusweni "bomlingo" bobukhulu obuhlukile nobubunjwa. Inkinga enkulu umphumela ongathandeki wokunqwabelana okungahleliwe, ikakhulukazi uma ukwakheka kutholakala endaweni, futhi kunganwebeki odongeni.
Ezinye izinto zokuhlobisa ezibekwe eceleni odongeni noma emi kukhonsoli noma etafuleni elinamathiselwe "kunganciphisa" umphumela wezibuko eziminyene:
- uthi lwezibani, izibani;
- amabhokisi, amavazi;
- izithombe, izingqwembe;
- iwashi.
Le ndlela yokwakhiwa ilungele igumbi lokuphumula kanye nendawo esondelene kakhulu (igumbi lokulala, igumbi lokugezela). Umsebenzi onjalo ubheka umxhwele ikakhulukazi kwisitayela esidala esivumelanisiwe. Ngokubukeka kwesimanje, izibuko eziningi eziyindilinga ezincane ezinobubanzi obuhlukile, ezilengiswe ophahleni, zilungele kakhulu.
Okubalulekile. Qiniseka ukuthi ushiya isikhala samahhala phakathi kwezakhi, futhi kungcono ukukhetha isizinda esicacile.
Indawo yomlilo
Hhayi okwangempela kuphela, kepha nezindawo ezakhiwe ngomlilo ezifanelwe ukuba yingxenye yegumbi. Idizayini yabo ayiphelele ngaphandle kwezibuko:
- Beka isibuko esincane phakathi kwezinye izesekeli ezizwakalayo nezinhle kumantel.
- Ukuhlobisa ngokuphelele i-portal ngamapaneli abukiwe kuyindlela enesibindi, efanelekile hhayi isitayela sesimanje kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-classic eguquliwe.
- Ingaphakathi lendawo yomlilo yamanga libekwe ngesibuko - ukuthandana nokunethezeka kuqinisekisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwendawo yokubasa umlilo, eminye imininingwane ethakazelisayo ingahle ibe khona ekamelweni, ngokwesibonelo, amawindi amanga ane-layout:
- Umbala omnyama namapulangwe kugcizelela ukwakheka kwezithombe kwangaphakathi.
- "Iwindi" elikhulu le-arched elinokumnyama, ukwakheka kwensimbi endala kuyindlela ehehayo.
Izinhlobo zaphansi
Isikhala sokudela ngenxa yabasendlini - amamodeli aphansi akufanele ngempela lokhu. Abangaphakathi abathi ukuvezwa komlando babophezelekile ukuyithola. Lesi yisici semfashini futhi esivame ukubonakala ezithombeni zamaphrojekthi wokuklama hhayi amakamelo okulala kuphela, kodwa namanye amakamelo.
- Kunamathiselwe. Uhlaka olusindayo luyenza ibe ngumuntu ophakathi nendawo.
- Ingqondo. Ishidi lesibuko eligxiliswe ku-eksisi ekhethekile lingashintsha i-angle yokuthambekela futhi livame ukuba nhlangothi zombili.
- Esitendini. Kungaba yiselula, isibonelo, kumasondo.
Amaphuzu okufanele uwaqaphele:
- ukuphakama okungenani u-170 cm;
- ukuhambisana kombala kozimele nesembozo saphansi;
- ukuphepha kwesakhiwo, ikakhulukazi okunamathiselwe;
- isikhala esikhululekile phambi kwesibuko - 1.5-2 m.
Kuyafaneleka. Isibuko esizulazulayo esinamashalofu afihliwe ngemuva siyisixazululo sezikhala ezincane, njengephaseji noma ifulethi lesitudiyo, lapho udinga ukufihla okweqile ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isikhala.
Ifenisha elingisiwe
Impahla enjalo ibhekwa njengemfashini, efanelekile hhayi isitayela sesimanje kuphela. Ngisho nezimpande ezilula ngaphandle kwemihlobiso ziyayenza ibukeke. Into eyodwa ezwakalayo izokwanela ukumemezela ukuthi ikhaya lakho lihambisana nezitayela zakamuva. Imingcele yekhishi yisixazululo esihle sohlelo oluvulekile.
Eminye imiklamo ekhangayo:
- itafula elikhulu langaphambili;
- itafula lekhofi;
- isifuba samadilowa noma i-console;
- ibha.
Okubalulekile. Kuyafaneleka ukuhlinzeka izibambo ezingabonakali ezingxenyeni ezingaphambili - iminyango engavulwa ngokucindezela ngeke "ikhiphe" izigxivizo zeminwe.
Iyiphi inqubo yokusebenza ethandwa kakhulu:
- ejwayelekile, ecwebezelayo - ye-chic yezimboni;
- ubudala - ukuvuna;
- matte - umphumela omuhle wokukhazimula.
Hhayi kuphela impahla, kepha futhi nokuhlobisa, kunganikeza ngemibono embalwa yokudala:
- Amavazi amakhulu aphansi, aqedile ngemichilo ekhanyayo, akha i-duet evumayo evumayo nefenisha efanayo.
- Amafreyimu amaphosta, izithombe, imifanekiso yezitshalo enemiphetho ebonisiwe - izingoma zodonga ezicacile.
Izakhi zokwakha, ukuqeda kwazo okunomthelela ekutholakaleni kokukhanya nokusebenza obala, nakho kuxhunyiwe:
- amafreyimu omnyango nezingosi;
- izitebhisi izingxenye;
- imithambeka yamawindi;
- i-plinth.
Izinto Zosayizi: Udonga Olugcwele
Imvamisa, izindiza eziningi zesibuko zenziwa kulezi zinketho ezilandelayo:
- amaphaneli angenamthungo;
- amathayili ezinhlobonhlobo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene;
- iphaneli.
Kulokhu kokugcina, isibuko sendwangu sihlanganiswe nezinye izinto, siguqula indawo ibe ukwakheka kobuciko. Esikhathini esiningi lawa angamapulangwe noma ama-slats enziwe ngokhuni. Izindonga zezinyosi kungenye inqubo ejwayelekile yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo. Ukubiywa kudlala indima enkulu: kungaba ukubumba okudala noma inguqulo yesimanjemanje enobuhlalu be-plastic glazing. Kungenzeka ukulungisa izindawo ezincane ezibonisa isikwele noma unxande ezinhlangothini ezihlukile - lo mbono awunasicefe nakanjani.
Ishidi lesibuko elilodwa elinobuqotho obubonakalayo yisisombululo esihle sezitayela zesimanje ngobuncane bazo nezinto zokuqedela zezimboni. Ubukhulu bendawo bufeza nendima ebalulekile. Uma indlu yokugezela encane le ndlela ingaphezu kokufanele, ezindaweni zokuhlala kungabukeka kunolaka, futhi kufane nokufana nendawo yokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ukukusiza ukuthi uhlale unethezekile:
- Umhlobiso wendwangu yonke enezinto ezisontekile.
- Imiphetho ye-Beveled - imiphetho e-beveled kuma-rhombus noma onxande izokwakha umdlalo wokukhanya nesithunzi nevolumu eyengeziwe.
- Ukudwebela okufihlekile kwamalunga. Ukubiyela kungahlukahluka, kwakheke ubujamo obuningi bejometri.
- Ukuqoshwa kweSandblast.
Kuyafaneleka. Udonga olubunjiwe luzofihla umnyango wangaphakathi odidiyelwe.
Isikrini esifanayo singaba ngenye indlela enhle kakhulu odongeni olubunjiwe. Izinzuzo zayo zobuchwepheshe nezokuhlobisa:
- ukuhamba okuthile;
- ukuklanywa okudingekayo;
- ukuveza isitayela.
Amafreyimu wensimbi akhulile, asebekhulile engeza ukuthinta okuvuthiwe. Isikrini esinjalo, njengokungathi sivela esitolo esidala, sizoba yinto yobuciko ebalulekile, umhlobiso wegumbi.
UMosaic: ukucabanga okuyinkulungwane
IMosisi, kanye nezibuko ezinamafomethi amakhulu nezibuko eziqinile, ngelinye ithuluzi lokushintsha isikhala sibe ngcono. Umbala omncane wesibuko unikeza umphumela omangazayo - indawo ngayinye yombala izoshintsha ngosayizi, idale isithombe se-pixel esijabulisayo.
Ziyini izinzuzo zento enjalo engajwayelekile:
- Ukukhululeka okuhlobene kokufakwa.
- Sebenzisela izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi (ezilinganayo, ezigobile).
- Izici ezinhle zobuchwepheshe - ukumelana nomswakama, ukugqoka ukumelana.
- Ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu nezinto zokuqedela zemfashini - ingilazi, ipulasitiki, izinto zobumba, koqweqwe lwawo, insimbi.
- Ilungele izinto zangaphakathi ezibucayi nezinesihluku, kuya ngemvelo.
Lokhu kukhethwa kokusetshenziswa kwezibuko kufanelekile kunoma iyiphi imvelo, ukwakheka kwayo okusho umbono omuhle. Ngokwesibonelo:
- iphrononi ekhangayo ekhishini;
- indlu yokugezela;
- isigaba sodonga lokugqamisa;
- ingxenye yophahla.
Uphahla olubukisiwe
Izindonga zesibuko, ngokuthandwa kwazo okwanele, azikakulungeli wonke umnikazi. Ukubheka njalo ukucabanga nokukhanya kuyakhathaza. Esinye isibonelo esiyimpikiswano sokuqeda uphahla olubukisiwe. Kwezinzuzo, ukukhuphuka kokuphakama kwegumbi kufanele kuqashelwe, kepha ukuqeda ngokuphelele indawo engaphezulu kwekhanda kuyinto engcolile, i-corny.
Kepha ukusetshenziswa okulingene kwezindawo ezibukwayo ophahleni kuyindlela enhle yokwehlukanisa umklamo ngaphandle kokuwenza ube yi-kitsch. Ekamelweni lokuphumula, indawo yokudlela eyinhloko, lapho kubalulekile ukudala ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu, izinketho eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zilungile:
- Ngasemaphethelweni ophahla, kwakha ukubhobhoza. Ibhodi elihle elimhlophe lokushibilika lingumngane omkhulu.
- Maphakathi nophahla. Kungaba yi-octagonal tile, ebekiwe ngobuciko. Lokhu kuqanjwa kuhamba kahle ne-chandelier yangaphambili, kukhulisa ukuhamba kokukhanya.
- Uphahla oluyibhokisi lokufaka okufakiwe luyisixazululo sendabuko esicatshangelwe.
Izibuko ezinemibala nezinye izinto ezintsha
Enye yezinto ezintsha zangaphakathi ithathwa njengezibuko ezinemibala, iphalethi yalo ehluke kakhulu:
- ithusi;
- mpunga;
- igolide;
- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Zingasebenza njengezinto ezizimele noma zisetshenziswe ngokubambisana neshidi lesibuko elilula, ngokwesibonelo, ngendlela yemivimbo emincane.
Enye into entsha yangaphakathi ayinakunakwa - izitika zesibuko se-vinyl. Izacile (cishe u-1 mm) futhi inamathela kalula, isabelomali impela, ingagcizelela ngokucacile umqondo oyinhloko:
- izisusa zezimbali nezitshalo;
- izimvemvane, izinyoni;
- izindaba zothando;
- ukukhipha.
Zonke izinhlobo zemigqa ephukile, izibuko ezisontekile zingaba yinto yokuqedela ephumelelayo ekwakhiweni:
- Isibuko esiyindilinga esiyindilinga - asijwayelekile.
- Ukuqanjwa okungabonakali okuhlanganiswe kwaba yinto eyodwa - uhlobo lwephaneli.
- Isibuko esiyindilinga, esakhiwe yimisebe ye-volumetric yezimo zejometri eziphukile.
- Izinhlamvu ezifakiwe zifana nombhalo ogqamile, oqinisekisa impilo odongeni lwangaphakathi olushaqisayo.
Imithombo ekhanyayo nezibuko
I-duet yamalambu nezibuko iyakwazi ukunikeza imizwa emnandi esikhaleni esishintshiwe ngosizo lwabo. Hhayi kuphela igumbi, kepha futhi nokubonakaliswa kwakho siqu, okungaguqulwa kube ngcono. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukugqamisa isibuko ezinhlangothini noma kuyo yonke ipherimitha.
Izidingo zakamuva zezinkanyiso zesimanje ziyifomu elincane nokukhanya okwanele. Umqondo uzokwakhiwa ngamasango odonga, amalambu atholakala ngokulingana ezinhlangothini zesibuko. Izindawo zanamuhla, ezingafakwanga kuphela ezindongeni, ophahleni, kepha naphansi, zizokuvumela ukuthi uqondise ukukhanyisa ngendlela edingekayo esimweni ngasinye.
Ungabeka isibani esincane esihle phambi kwesibuko uma isitayela singafaki ukukhanyisa kwe-LED. Isixazululo esihle segumbi elincane yizinketho ezihlanganisiwe. Okunhlobonhlobo: isibuko esinokukhanyisa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi, esisodongeni endaweni yokuzilibazisa, sizosebenza njengomthombo wokukhanya kusihlwa, nokuhlobisa kwasekuqaleni emini.
Phakathi kwazo zonke izibonelo ezihlanganisa ngempumelelo imisebenzi ebonakalayo neyokuhlobisa, kulula ukukhetha eyodwa efanelekile kumklamo ngamunye othize. Isibuko esihle siyinto efanelekile ngaphakathi, futhi ikhono lokubabaza ukukhombisa kwakho kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yendlu ibhonasi enhle.
