Izixazululo zokwakha ofuna ukuzisebenzisa lapho uvuselela indawo yokuhlala zihlala zingasebenzi ngenxa yendawo yayo encane. Abanikazi bempahla bafuna ukwenza ifulethi lisebenze ngangokunokwenzeka, kepha lokhu akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi: izindonga ezithwala umthwalo ziyaphazamisa noma ayikho imali eyanele yayo yonke imibono yabaklami. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungiswa akuhlali kungaphelele, kufanele kuhlelwe kahle. Zonke izenzo zokuhlela izakhiwo kumele zipendwe, kusetshenzwe ngokuningiliziwe. Uma umuntu ehlela ukulungisa eyedwa, kulesi sigaba usazodinga izeluleko zikadokotela onolwazi (umklami noma umakhi). Ukwenza ngcono inqubo yokulungisa kuzosiza ukonga imali yomnikazi wendawo nokunciphisa isikhathi esichithwa ekuqedeni umsebenzi. Okuningi kuya ngosayizi wekamelo. Ngezansi kunezibonelo zokwakhiwa kwefulethi elingamamitha angama-45.
Isakhiwo esinekhono
Amamitha angama-45 yindawo yegumbi elilodwa noma amakamelo amabili ejwayelekile. Banemidwebo ehlukene, izinhloso ezisebenzayo zamakamelo, ngakho-ke esigabeni sokuhlela igumbi, udinga ukuqonda ngokushesha ukuthi mangaki amakamelo azoba khona ekamelweni, futhi ngokususelwe kulokhu, sungula iphrojekthi yokwakha. Uma umuntu ethengile ifulethi elinamapulani avulekile, khona-ke kuzoba lula kakhulu kuye, ngoba akadingi ukudiliza izindonga ezikhona, ukhululekile ngokuphelele ezinqumweni zakhe. Ingaguqula ifulethi elingamamitha angama-45 libe yisikhala esisodwa lapho kungekho ukwahlukana okuqinile kube yikhishi negumbi, kanti yindlu yangasese kuphela ebiyelwe ngodonga. Uma ifulethi linamafasitela ama-3, khona-ke kungcono ukukuguqula kube ucezu lwe-kopeck noma i-euro-apartment. Ukuze uhlele amakamelo, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo:
- Umklamo we-Astron;
- IKEA Planner;
- I-SketchUp;
- I-Planoplan;
- I-3D Yasekhaya Emnandi;
- I-PRO100.
| Uhlelo | Izici: |
| I-Astron | elula; mahhala; inezithombe ezisezingeni eliphakeme. |
| I-SketchUp | inenguqulo yamahhala, ekhokhelwayo; ine-interface elula; kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukudala idizayini esezingeni eliphezulu enezinhlangothi ezintathu ngekhono lokusayina ubukhulu bezinto ngazinye. |
| I-3D Yekhaya Elimnandi | ekahle kwabaqalayo; kusiza ukwakha amaphrojekthi alula; kukhona inguqulo yaseRussia, yesiNgisi yesoftware. |
Izici zomklamo wegumbi elilodwa lokulala le-45 sq. m
Idizayini yezindlu 45 sq. m ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuguqulwa kwegumbi elilodwa libe yifulethi lesitayela elinekhishi elikhulu (ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10), ihholo elibanzi, igumbi elime kahle elifana nesikwele. Ifulethi elinekamelo elilodwa, lapho amamitha angama-45, kungabizwa ngokuthi lincane, ngakho-ke imibono eminingi ingakhiwa kulo, kuguqulwe igumbi elijwayelekile eliyisithukuthezi libe elihle. Okuningi kuncike kokuthandwa ngumnikazi wendawo. Ukhetha uhlelo lombala lwangaphakathi lwangakusasa. Lapho kulungiswa igumbi elilodwa esakhiweni esisha, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-pastel shades: beige, white, ashy, greyish. Lokhu kuzolikhulisa ngokubonakalayo igumbi, lenze libe likhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yokwakha, kungcono ukukhomba kusengaphambili izindawo eziyinhloko zegumbi: ikhishi, indawo yokuhlala, indlu yokugezela. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukukhetha isikimu sombala osithandayo. Uma umndeni onengane uhlala efulethini (hhayi indoda eyodwa noma owesifazane), isixazululo esingcono kakhulu sangaphakathi bekungaba ukuklama igumbi lokuphumula kusetshenziswa imibala ehlukene yezindonga, phansi nophahla.
Noma kuklanywa, imibala ehlukile kufanele igwenywe.
| Ukuhlanganiswa kwemibala emibili | Ukufaneleka kwe-odnushki amamitha angama-45 |
| Okumnyama Okumnyama | — |
| Okubomvu Okubomvu | — |
| Okuphephuli, okusawolintshi | — |
| Okumpunga, beige | + |
| Umlotha womlotha, iparele | + |
| Ukhilimu, omhlophe | + |
| I-Fuchsia, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | + |
Izici zomklamo wefulethi elinamakamelo amabili elingu-45 sq. m
Ifulethi elinamagumbi amabili eline-45 sq. m kubhekwa njengokuncane. Imvamisa iqukethe ikhishi elincane (amamitha ayi-6-7) namakamelo ama-2 (amamitha ayi-12-16). Ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yokwakha kuncike ekubekweni kwamakamelo. Uma zihlukanisiwe, awukwazi ukudiliza izindonga, kuphela ngokusebenza ngemibala yendawo. Ifulethi elinamagumbi ahlanganayo kufanele lilungiswe kabusha. Amakamelo aseduze ahlukanisiwe komunye nomunye. Uma ngokusemthethweni lokhu kungasebenzi, khona-ke ungaxhuma elinye lamakamelo nekhishi noma nephaseji, ususe izindonga ezibahlukanisayo. Ngosizo lwentuthuko enjalo, ungathola i-Euro-duplex yesimanje. Ukungabikho kwezindonga kuzonikeza igumbi indawo eyengeziwe. Kepha ushintsho alufanele uma umndeni onengane uhlala kulesi sikhungo, khona-ke udinga ukuzama ukuhlukanisa amakamelo. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- usike umnyango kusuka ekamelweni uye ekhishini, ubeka ukuvuleka kwangaphakathi;
- ukunciphisa ihholo lokungena, ukwandisa igumbi lokungena;
- nciphisa ihholo, wandise iphaseji.
| Inani labahlali | Imibono |
| Abazali + ingane | igumbi lokuhlala ekhishini elihlanganisiwe; ikamelo labazali elingenalo iwindi; igumbi lezingane - elinewindi. |
| Abazali + ingane | Izindawo ezimbili ezinamawindi; ikamelo labazali elingenalo iwindi; Igumbi lokuhlala ekhishini linefasitela eli-1. |
Isiqondisi sesitayela
Ukwenza ifulethi libukeke liyahambisana, udinga ukuqedela ingaphakathi lawo wonke amakamelo ngesitayela esifanayo (ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphakeme, ubuncane, isitayela seloft, isitayela saseScandinavia, ibaroque, izwe, njll. Kuvunyelwe ukuhlanganisa izinkomba ezithile zesitayela, kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nomklami. Ukwenza ingaphakathi libukeke lihloniphekile futhi lihloniphekile, ungakhetha okumhlophe njengombala oyinhloko bese uyihlanza ngamabala ahlukahlukene anemibala. Ama-shades agcwalisiwe azoqedela ukwakhiwa. Ukuhlobisa udonga kufanele kube lula futhi kufushane. Amaphethini angenamsoco nokubunjwa kwe-stucco kungena kuphela emakamelweni amancane. Kumafulethi amancane anekamelo elilodwa noma amakamelo amabili, isitayela saseScandinavia silungile. Izinto zangaphakathi ezenziwe ngalesi sitayela zibukeka zilula ngokwanele, kepha zithokomele ngokweqile. Emakamelweni amancane, ukuhlanganiswa kombala okulandelayo kubukeka kahle kakhulu:
- umbala obomvana, onsomi, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- ukhilimu, ophuzi, owolintshi;
- i-pearl grey, emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- ukhilimu, iwolintshi, ushokoledi.
| Isitayela | Imibala |
| Izwe | beige; i-lactic; mnyama (ithoni yefenisha); |
| I-Art Deco | i-lactic; Izinyo lendlovu; nsundu; |
| Okwakudala | okumhlophe; igolide; iterracotta; |
| I-Baroque | igolide; imabula; nesimaragidu; |
| Isimanje | azure; okumhlophe; onsundu ngokukhanyayo. |
Hlukanisa izingxenye
Ukuklanywa komhlaba yisimiso esibalulekile sokwakhiwa kwangaphakathi kwefulethi elingamamitha angama-45. Uma sikhuluma ngekamelo elilodwa, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuthi ulinciphise igumbi libe yizingxenye ezihlukene zokulala negumbi lokuhlala. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukwahlukanisa i-plasterboard, ikhabethe elincane, isikrini, noma ngokumane kusetshenziswe uhlelo oluhlukile lombala. Isibonelo, indawo yokulala ingenziwa ngephalethi ye-pastel, negumbi lokuhlala - ngemibala ecebile necebile. Futhi kuzokwazi ukwahlukaniswa amakamelo abe yizoni ngosizo lwezitezi nophahla olunamazinga amaningi. Umbhede ubekwe emsamo, futhi usofa onamathiselwe egumbini lokuphumula uhlala phansi. Ukuklanywa kwezakhiwo kufanele kubhekwe nemithetho yokukhanyisa eyisisekelo. Uma igumbi linamafasitela ama-2, khona-ke kufanele aklanywe ukuze kube khona iwindi kuwo womabili amagumbi okulala nasekamelweni lokuphumula. Uma kukhona iwindi elilodwa kuphela, kufanele kufakwe izibani ezinamandla engxenyeni engakhanyisiwe yegumbi.
Ikhishi-igumbi lokuhlala
Indlu enekamelo elilodwa 45 sq. m, lapho ukwahlukaniswa phakathi kwegumbi nekhishi kwasuswa khona, kubizwa ngokuthi yi-studio. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukwakhiwa kabusha okunjalo, kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kube semthethweni. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ezindlini zaseKhrushchev ezinezitofu zegesi lokhu akunakwenzeka: amakhishi ngokomthetho kumele abe nomnyango. Ukuklanywa kwefulethi lesitudiyo kuqala ngokukhetha phansi. Ekhishini, kufanele kungamelana nomswakama, futhi kungabekwa ukhaphethi noma i-linoleum endaweni yegumbi lokuphumula. Lokhu kuzokhawulela ngokuzenzakalela lezi zindawo ezi-2. Ungabeka futhi indawo ekamelweni usebenzisa iphepha lodonga lemibala ehlukene nemidwebo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yekhishi ingenziwa ngemibala egqamile (njengeqoqo lasekhishini), futhi igumbi lokuphumula lingaphendulwa libe igumbi elicocekile ngesitayela esidala. Kwesinye isikhathi abaklami bahlukanisa izindawo zasekamelweni nasekhishini nge-counter counter, kepha kufanele ihambisane nesitayela sangaphakathi sangaphakathi.
IKhabinethi
Efulethini elinamakamelo amabili elingu-45 m2, elinye lamakamelo lingahlonyiswa njengehhovisi. Ngalezi zinhloso, kungcono ukhethe igumbi elincane ulivuselele ngesitayela sehhovisi ukuze kungaphazamiseki lutho emsebenzini. Uma udinga ukushiya amakamelo amabili okuhlala efulethini (yengane nabazali), khona-ke ungaya ekukhohliseni futhi unciphise igumbi elikhulu, i.e. lihlukanise ngehlukaniso le-plasterboard. Ngenxa yalokho, uzothola amakamelo ama-2 cishe amamitha ayi-10-12 lilinye enamawindi negumbi elingu-1 amamitha ayi-6-8 ngaphandle kwewindi. Kusuka kokugcina lapho kwenziwa khona iKhabhinethi. Iwindi lingakhethwa endaweni yomsebenzi. Isakhiwo esifanayo sibuye silungele amakamelo angashadile, ekugcineni kuphela kuzoba namakamelo ama-2: ngefasitela nangaphandle kwewindi. Awudingi ngisho nokubeka usofa ehhovisi. Kwanele ukubeka amakhabethe amade anezincwadi nemibhalo edingekayo, kanye nedeski lekhompyutha elinesihlalo. Njengoba ihhovisi lizophuma ngaphandle kwewindi, udinga ukukhathazeka ngokukhanyisa. Akufanele ulengise i-chandelier enkulu, bazokwenza:
- Izindawo ezisobala;
- isibani setafula;
- odongeni sconces;
- isibani saphansi eduze kwetafula.
Ikamelo lokulala
Efulethini elinekamelo elilodwa, kunzima ukubeka indawo yegumbi lokulala ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwegumbi. Uma ufaka okungenani umbhede ongamamitha amaningi egumbini, khona-ke igumbi elilodwa lilodwa liphenduka ikamelo lokulala. Kuzoba nzima ukumema izivakashi lapha. Ngosofa, igumbi lizobukeka njengegumbi lokuphumula, kepha akumnandi ukulala kulo. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi womqambi kulesi sigaba ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza, ubuhle nokusebenziseka kahle bese ufaka umbhede nosofa egumbini elilodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isitayela. Imvamisa inkinga ixazululwa ngokufaka i-podium. Iphansi engxenyeni eyodwa yegumbi likhuphuka kancane, futhi kufakwe umbhede onamathebula asembhedeni emsamo. Ingambozwa ngombhede (uma isitayela sivuma) noma ishiywe ngemuva kwesikrini. Ekamelweni lonke kubekwe usofa, itafula lekhofi, namakhabethe athile. Uma usebenzisa i-podium, ungasebenza nge-shades yombala ofanayo:
- yenza indawo yokulala ngemibala ebucayi (okuluhlaza okotshani, okupinki, umlotha, njll.)
- penda indawo yegumbi lokuphumula ngemithunzi egcwele kakhulu futhi enobuthi.
Isitoreji esakhelwe ngaphakathi nesifihliwe
Emakamelweni amafulethi amancane, izinto eziningi zivame ukugcinwa. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukusebenzisa yonke isentimitha yekhaya lakho. Ukulungiselela isikhala kuyinselelo enkulu lapho kuklanywa ifulethi elincane. Uma sikhuluma ngekamelo lokulala elihlukile elinewindi, lapho-ke kuzodingeka usebenzise isikhala ngefasitela, okuvame ukunganakwa ngokungafanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngqo ngaphansi kwefasitela nasezinhlangothini zefasitela, kuyadingeka ukufaka amashalofu ezincwadi, izithombe kanye nemidwebo. Izobukeka isitayela futhi ingavamile. Wonke amakhabethe efulethini kumele afike ophahleni. Ingxenye yegumbi ingabiyelwa ukwakha ikhabethe. Futhi efulethini ungathola izindawo ezahlukahlukene zokugcina izingubo:
- umsamo;
- amabhokisi ngaphansi kombhede;
- izifuba ezikhethekile;
- iziphanyeko zaphansi;
- ama-racks ezicathulo;
- ikhabethe elincane;
- amatafula anamalokhi akhelwe ngaphakathi;
- izingwegwe zodonga.
Ukukhethwa kwefenisha
Ifenisha yefulethi elincane ithengwa njengokusebenza ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungcono ukhethe umbhede ophindwe kabili noma usofa lapho ungabeka khona konke okombhede. Isitayela sefenisha kufanele sifane nengaphakathi lekhaya. Ukuxuba izinkomba zesitayela akwamukelekile. Kunengqondo kakhulu ukuthenga ifenisha yefulethi esitolo esisodwa kumenzi oyedwa. Uma umbhede kanye nezingubo zokugqoka kuyisethi eyodwa ye-monolithic, kubukeka kuyisitayela nobuhle. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, kuzofanela ukhethe izingubo zokugqoka ezintsha kanye namatafula afana nombala nesitayela sombhede nengaphakathi lekamelo. Udinga ukukhetha amakhabethe we-modular namakhabethe angafaka zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Kunabakhiqizi abaningi befenisha yezindlu ezincane namuhla. Okudume kakhulu yilokhu:
- Ikea;
- UDana;
- Dyatkovo;
- I-Techservice, njll.
Ukuhlobisa nokukhanyisa
Ukuhlobisa indlu kuya ngesisombululo sesitayela jikelele segumbi. Ingaphakathi lekamelo alidingi ngaso sonke isikhathi ubukhona bokufakwa kokuhlobisa okuyimpoqo, imifanekiso, imidwebo, izimbali zasendlini. Nge-minimalism, yonke le mininingwane izobe ingadingekile. Uma ifulethi lenziwa ngesitayela sothando, khona-ke izinto ezincane ezinhle zizofika zilungele. Kufanele zikhethwe kahle ngokuya ngesikimu sombala wasekhaya. Ephaseji, qiniseka ukubeka isibuko esigcwele. Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, okuningi kuya ngenhloso yegumbi. Igumbi lokulala akufanele libe yigumbi elimnyama, kepha inani elikhulu lamalambu ngeke lilunge lapha. Kuyafaneleka ukukhetha izibani zamatafula asembhedeni wokuzifundela ngaphambi kokuyolala, nokufaka amalambu nge-dimmer ophahleni. Zizongena ngokuphelele kunoma iyiphi ingaphakathi lomklamo.
Egumbini lokuphumula nasekhishini, amakhandlela azofaneleka, nasephaseji ungalengisa izikele zodonga.
Isiphetho
Lapho kulungiswa ifulethi elincane le-euro, umsebenzi osemqoka ukukhulisa isikhala ngokubukeka. Uma izakhiwo zakhiwe kahle, khona-ke izindlu zizobukeka zikhulu kakhulu kune-45 sq. m. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukukhetha isitayela esiwusizo kunawo wonke sefulethi, ifenisha esebenzayo kanye nokukhanyisa okunekhono. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukugqama kombala okuqinile akuwafanele amakamelo amancane, ngakho-ke kufanele kuhlanganiswe inhlanganisela yama-shades anobuthi kakhulu. Akunconywa futhi ukuthi upende izindonga ngemithunzi emnyama, ngoba zizonciphisa ngokubukeka ifulethi. Igumbi likhanya ngokwengeziwe, lapho lizovela khona ngokwengeziwe. Futhi nasendlini enekamelo elilodwa, akufanele udele umbhede ophindwe kabili ngomatilasi wamathambo. Kudingeka kuphela ukuthenga ifenisha efanelekile nokuklama ngokunembile ukuhlelwa kwezingxenye ezimbili egumbini: igumbi lokulala negumbi lokuphumula. Ukuhlobisa ikhaya kuxhomeke ekhwalithi yefenisha.
