Ekuboneni kokuqala, imidwebo imane ingomunye umhlobiso wangaphakathi ongadlali ndawo ekhethekile kulungiselelwa. Kepha ngosizo lwesithombe esikhethwe kahle, ungashintsha okuningi: bushelelezi ukubukeka ngokweqile kwefenisha, ukushiyeka kodonga lwemaski, ukugqamisa indawo yokugqamisa ekhanga ukunakwa, ukugcizelela umqondo wesitayela, ukuvuselela ukwakheka, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyenze iqine futhi iqine ngokwengeziwe. Imidwebo yokubuka ikhulisa isikhala, yenze ijule. Isikimu sombala sangaphakathi senza isimo segumbi, futhi izithombe ezingaphakathi kozimele ziyazilungisa, zengeza amanothi wokukhanya nama-halftones. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi singasikhetha kanjani isithombe esifanele sangaphakathi nokuthi singasibeka kuphi egumbini.
Imidwebo yokukhetha yokudweba
Kuyadingeka ukukhetha imidwebo ecabangela izici zabo eziyinhloko:
- Usayizi. Ubude nobubanzi besithombe kubaluleke kakhulu ekubukeni okubonakalayo kwesikhala segumbi.
- Iphalethi yombala. Isithombe singaba yinto ephilayo, yokugqamisa ngaphakathi, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinciphise ukulungiselelwa okugqame ngokweqile.
- Isiza. Enye yezimpawu ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha imidwebo ukuze okuqukethwe kwabo kuhlangabezane nezidingo zobuhle zabanikazi bendlu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye sisekela isixazululo sesitayela sokuhlobisa igumbi.
- Ifomu. Amafreyimu ayisikwele, ayindingilizi, ayisiyingi noma angunxande enza i-geometry ekhethekile egcizelela ubushelelezi bolayini kusethingi, noma bushelelezi ukucushwa okuyinkimbinkimbi nokubonakala okujwayelekile.
Ukuhambisana kwesithombe nezinto zokuqedela kodonga elizobekwa kulo nakho kuyabhekwa. Uhlaka luyindaba ehlukile. Ngokuya ngokwenziwe, umbala, ukuthungwa nokuhlobisa kwesibili, kungaphenduka ukwengeza okunethezeka okusitha isithombe kancane, noma kube yisithunzi esiphaphathekile sesithombe esikhomba kuphela imingcele yaso.
Usayizi
Usayizi womdwebo uhlobene nobukhulu bento engezansi. Uma umbhede, itafula, usofa noma enye into enkulu inamathiselwe odongeni, khona-ke isithombe kufanele sibe nobubanzi obuhambelana okungenani nengxenye yobude befenisha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isithombe sizobukeka sinesizungu futhi singafaneleki. Lonke olunye udonga ekugcineni "luzochotshozwa" umhlobiso omncane. Izithombe ezi-modular kuphela ezizokwehluka kulo mthetho, ngoba ibanga eliphakathi kwezinto alinakwa lapho kubalwa ububanzi balo. Ngakho-ke, ama-diptychs nama-triptych angabhekisa kubude befenisha ngesilinganiso esingu-2: 3. Ukuphakama komdwebo nakho kubalulekile. Uma igumbi linophahla oluphansi, kusetshenziswa izithombe ezimile ezelula isikhala.
Umdwebo ophakathi nendawo (cishe u-1 m ukuphakama) kufanele ubekwe ebangeni lamamitha amabili ukusuka endaweni yokubuka ehlosiwe. Uma indwangu isondele, umbukeli uzofuna intuitively ukuhlehla emuva ngezinyathelo ezimbalwa ukuze abone ubuhle besakhiwo. Ngokunjalo, ibanga kufanele lilingane nokuphindwe kabili kwesithombe.
Ngebala
Ukukhethwa kwamathunzi kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nokwakheka kombala kwegumbi. Okokuqala udinga ukunquma ukuthi umklami unikeza yiphi indima kulokhu kuhlobisa. Uma isithombe siba yizwi, khona-ke isakhiwo saso kufanele senziwe ngemibala egqamile ezophambana nesimo. Isibonelo, egumbini elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomhlophe, isithombe esiphuzi noma esibomvu sizogqama. Lapho umdwebo kufanele uhlangane nengaphakathi, usekele umqondo wombala, khona-ke imibala yawo ikhethwa ngokuya ngomgomo wokufanisa. Isibonelo, kudizayini enombala onsundu nge-beige enamacebo okumhlophe, kusetshenziswa imidwebo eyenziwe ngamantongomane, isihlabathi, amathoni aphuzi ngokukhanyayo ngegolide. Indawo ekahle kungaba ukushona kwelanga phezu kwempophoma yamanzi esobala noma indawo yasekwindla.
Ngesakhiwo
Isakhiwo kufanele sihambisane nenhloso yokusebenza kwegumbi. Ukudla okunomsoco, "okunambithekayo" noma impilo yezithombe ezijabulisayo zilungele ikhishi: izitsha ezinephunga elimnandi ezinoketshezi olubhemayo nentuthu yokubhema, izithelo ezinamanzi, imifino emisha enamaconsi omswakama esikhunjeni, amajusi ezitsheni ezinamaphutha, amajikijolo amnandi kubhasikidi be-wicker anama-napkin we-checkered njenge-substrate ... Ekamelweni lokulala, kukhethwa izingoma ezithambile, ezizolile ezihlotshaniswa nokuzola nokuphumula: imiphetho yehlathi, umhlanga eduze kwamabhange emifula, ulwandle, isibhakabhaka esigcwele izinkanyezi phezu kwedolobha eliwubuthongo. Ngenye indlela, ungasebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kwemidwebo ngamakhosi adumile: Savrasov, Shishkin, Levitan. Musa ukudida iziza ezolile nezidabukisayo nezesabekayo. Umkhathi osegumbini lokuphumula uhluke ngokuphelele. Izinkampani namalungu omndeni ahlangana lapha, ezokungcebeleka, njengomthetho, zibandakanya imidlalo esebenzayo, ukubukela i-TV, nemibuthano enomsindo. Isimo sehholo sinomfutho, ngakho-ke isithombe salo kufanele sibe namandla akhethekile. Ama-panorama amadolobha, izithombe zezinto zamanzi kuyo yonke inkazimulo, izindaba ze-adventure zizokwenza. Okwephaseji, kukhethwa izendwangu ezingathathi hlangothi, ezizosiza izivakashi zakhe umbono olungile ngabanikazi befulethi. Musa ukuthatheka ngokuzicabangela noma ukukhipha. Phakathi kwezihloko, kunikezwa kuqala ukuthanda izithombe, ukuhlelwa kwembali, namanje impilo noma izindawo zemvelo. Njengoba iphaseji lingubuso befulethi, gwema imidwebo ekhokhiswe kabi enezigameko zodlame, ukufa, ukubhujiswa noma inhlekelele.
Ngokuqondiswa kwesitayela
Ukudweba kunamathrendi amaningi, iningi lawo elenze izinkomba zokuklama. Imidwebo eyenziwe ngesitayela segama elifanayo, i-romanticism, ubuqiniso, isitayela sobukhosi, i-academism, imizwa, uphawu, ubuhle bokubukeka kufanelekile kuma-classics angaphakathi. Lokhu kungaba ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwemidwebo edumile ekhonjiswe eminyuziyamu futhi yaba yingxenye yamagugu amasiko, noma imisebenzi yasekuqaleni yamakhosi angaziwa. Ngokwe-minimalism, ubuchwepheshe obuphakeme, izitayela zesimanje, imidwebo ngesitayela se-avant-garde, i-surrealism, i-chinoiserie, ngaphansi komhlaba, i-cubism, i-impressionism, i-expressionism ifanelekile. Izindwangu ze-Art Nouveau zikhethiwe kusuka ekugelezeni kobuciko obusha noma i-anachronism, i-neoclassicism. Ku-Art Deco ne-Pop Art, izigcawu ezenziwe ngesitayela sokupenda segama elifanayo ziyafaneleka. NgeProvence, izithombe ziyahlanganiswa, zibhalwe ngokuya ngemigomo yeBiedermeier. Nge-eclecticism noma i-fusion, bakhetha imidwebo ngesitayela se-brut, i-rayonism. I-Futurism ihlanganiswe nemidwebo ehlobene nefantasy kanye ne-cosmism. ILoft ithanda ubuciko basemgwaqweni, i-kitsch, i-hyperrealism.
Ukubiyela izithombe
Uhlaka lukhethelwe ikakhulukazi isithombe uqobo. Ukuhambisana kwayo nengaphakathi kuyafiphala ngemuva. Uhlaka luyindwangu yendwangu, lapho ingabukeka kahle khona noma ingenangqondo ngokuphelele. Ngokwesiko, ifreyimu yenziwa nge-baguette. Leli ifreyimu elihlanganisiwe lakudala. Imingcele ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu: iyisicaba, ingaphakathi / ingaphandle ibiyelwe. Ingaba nombala ohlukile, ukwakheka nokuhlobisa okwengeziwe. Uhlaka oluhlotshisiwe olunama-curls amaningi noma okuqoshiwe lufanele imidwebo yakudala. Okwemidwebo yesimanje, kukhethwa ozimele bengilazi nensimbi. Ngenye indlela, isithombe singabekwa ngaphandle kwanoma yini. Ngokwesifaniso esishiwo ngenhla, umdwebo uzoba "nqunu", ofanele kuphela izinto zangaphakathi ezinesibindi.
Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile ama-diptychs, ama-polyptychs nama-triptychs. Ukuhleleka kwemidwebo akudingi ukubiyelwa, kulokhu okuzoba yinto eyengeziwe ephazamisa ukunakwa.
Ungazilengisa kanjani izithombe kahle
Into ngayinye yangaphakathi kufanele ibe sendaweni yayo, kuphela kulokhu impahla izobukeka iphelele. Lo mthetho usebenza nasemidwebeni. Ekamelweni, kungcono ukulengisa izendwangu ngaphezu kombhede. Uma ingekho i-TV ekamelweni futhi udonga oluphambene nalutho, khona-ke kubekwa indwangu ebhangqiwe kuyo. Ephaseji, imidwebo ibekwa ezinhlangothini zombili zesibuko noma ngasephaseji endaweni engenalutho. Egumbini lokuphumula, inketho enhle kakhulu udonga olunosofa. Egumbini lezingane, imidwebo ithola indawo ekhoneni lokudlala noma ngaphezu kombhede.
Cabanga futhi ngomhlobiso wodonga isithombe esizobe silenga kuso. Isibonelo, iphepha lodonga elinemigqa elihlanganisiwe lihlanganiswe nendwangu ekhanyayo ephula umbono jikelele we-geometry.
Izithombe ezi-Modular
Imidwebo yesimanje, kuya ngenani lezinto, ihlukaniswa ngama-diptychs, ama-triptych, ama-polyptyches. Umkhuba wokwehlukanisa isithombe ngezigaba usukela emuva eNkathini Ephakathi, kepha kusetshenziswe ikhambi elifanayo kwezangaphakathi muva nje. Kuhlobo lwakudala, indwangu emaphakathi yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke, futhi ubukhulu bezinhlangothi ngu-1/2 noma 1/3 wengxenye eyinhloko yokwakhiwa. Iqembu lonke elihle libukeka njengewindi elinama-shutter. Imidwebo yemodeli yale fomethi isasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwama-altare emasontweni nasemathempelini. Umthetho oyinhloko wokwenza ama-triptychs nama-diptychs indikimba eyodwa ezigabeni, okungukuthi, akudingeki ukuthi kube ukuqhubeka komunye nomunye.
Futhi ngaphakathi basebenzisa inqubo "yokusika" isithombe esisodwa ezingxenyeni eziningi. Imidwebo yesimanje izoba yindlela yokugqamisa noma ngabe kuboniswa siphi isakhiwo kubo. Kulokhu, indima idlalwe ngendlela engavamile yokwethulwa kwesithombe, isakhiwo esihlukanisiwe. Izingxenye zesithombe zingahlelwa ngokulandelana ngokuvundlile noma ngokuvundlile. Izingoma eziyinkimbinkimbi, eziqukethe izingxenye ezine noma ngaphezulu, zingakwazi "ukugoqwa" zibe okuphelele okukodwa ngamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Izimbali, izihlahla, nama-panorama wedolobha sekuyizinto ezithandwayo zemidwebo ejwayelekile.
Ungaziqamba kanjani izingoma
Lapho udweba ukwakheka, qiniseka ukuthi unaka usayizi wodonga oluhlotshisiwe. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthola isilinganiso esifanele. Ngokomthetho "wegolide isilinganiso", usayizi weqembu lezithombe kufanele uhlobane nesizinda ngesilinganiso esingu-3: 1. Ama-canvases angahlelwa ngamaphethini ahlukahlukene: ulayini, ukufana, isiyingi, irhombus, unxantathu, unxande, iqembu elingalingani. Uma usebenzisa izithombe ezinosayizi ofanayo, khona-ke kungcono ukuzilengisa kulayini ebangeni elilinganayo komunye nomunye. Ukuze uhlele imidwebo yamasayizi ahlukene, kufanelekile ukukhetha isimiso seqembu, lapho i-canvas enkulu ibekwa maphakathi nokwakheka ezingeni leso, nalabo abancane bakubeka. Isixazululo esingajwayelekile kungaba ukuhlelwa okuqondile kwezithombe kusuka kokukhulu kuya kokuncane kakhulu. Ukuqanjwa kwe-Asymmetric okuhlala ezindongeni ezimbili ezincikene nekhoneni kubukeka kukuhle. Uma lezi zindawo zidwetshiwe ngemibala ehlukene, khona-ke ungadlala ngokungafani. Isibonelo, odongeni oluphuzi, izithombe zifakwa ngozimele abaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nasodongeni lwe-azure, zibiyelwa ngomthunzi welanga noma ngokuhlobisa.
Isiphetho
Kwesinye isikhathi kunzima kakhulu ukuthola umdwebo ofanele. Ukudweba, njengoba wazi, hhayi kuphela "ukuyeka isikhathi", kodwa futhi kunika izithombe ngomphefumulo. Uma ingxenye engokomoya yesithombe ingatholi mpendulo evela kumuntu, kusho ukuthi indwangu ayikakamtholi umnikazi wayo. Imithetho yokukhethwa kwezithombe zangaphakathi kufanele icatshangelwe, kepha ubuhle be-canvas kumele kuqala buhambisane nokuthanda komthengi. Uma isithombe silingana kahle nengaphakathi, kepha umnikazi akathandi okuthile, i-aura oyifunayo egumbini ngeke yakhiwe.
