Ihhavini liyingxenye edingekayo futhi ebaluleke kakhulu kunoma yiliphi ikhishi. Ovini banamuhla bangamayunithi obuchwepheshe obuphakeme ahlinzekelwe imisebenzi eminingi eyengeziwe - i-convection, ama-microwave, i-grill, ukuzihlanza. Ku-arsenal yabo kunezinhlelo eziningi ezikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe izindlela ezifanele zokupheka izitsha ezithile. Lapho ukhetha idivaysi, hhayi kuphela okuthandwa ngabanikazi okudlala indima ebalulekile, kodwa futhi nosayizi wehhavini eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Izinhlobo zamahhavini
Onke amadivayisi angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu - ngokwendlela yokulawula. Ovens kungaba:
- ukuncika - ukusebenza kuphela ngokubambisana ne-hob, lapho kutholakala khona izilawuli;
- ezimele - zisebenza ngokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Amadivayisi anjalo angatholakala noma kuphi ekhishini, ngoba iphaneli yokulawula itholakala engxenyeni engaphambili.
Amahhavini nawo ahlukaniswa ngumthombo wokushisa:
- igesi;
- kagesi.
Ngayinye yalezi zinketho inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, ezingaba yisinqumo lapho kukhethwa imishini yasekhishini.
Igesi noma ugesi - izinzuzo nezinkinga
Ihhavini legesi lifudunyezwa ngomshini oshisayo ongaphansi kwegumbi. Le nketho ayikwazi ukunikeza ukufudumeza okufanayo. Kunzima impela ukufeza uqweqwe olusansundu ngegolide kuhhavini onjalo. Imvamisa, iphansi elishisiwe litholakala lihlanganiswe nengaphezulu elingavuthiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukwethulwa kwamadivayisi angeziwe - njenge-grill engxenyeni engenhla yegumbi noma ifeni ekhulisa ukufana kokusatshalaliswa komoya oshisayo - kungakulungisa lokhu kushiyeka.
Kozakwabo bakagesi, kunezinto eziningana zokushisa - okungenani ezi-2 - ngaphezulu nangaphansi, ezikwazi ukusebenza zombili "kumyalo" nangokuzimela.
Ziyini izinzuzo zehhavini legesi?
- Ikuvumela ukuthi wonge amandla nemali kumnikazi - igesi ishibhile kakhulu kunogesi.
- Ibhekana kahle nemisebenzi eyisisekelo - ingabhaka, isitshulu, gazinga, yomile - lapho kukhona ukuhanjiswa kwekhono. Kodwa-ke, ukupheka ngasikhathi sinye emazingeni amaningana akutholakali kuye.
- Amamodeli amaningi anezindleko zesabelomali.
- Inikeza ukuphepha - ngomsebenzi wokulawula igesi. Noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwegesi kuzotholakala ngokushesha futhi kuvinjwe.
- Njalo enkonzweni yakho - isidlo sakusihlwa sizobe sesilungile noma ugesi ucishiwe.
- Ukubonga okuqala okulula ngokushisa okuzenzakalelayo.
Buhle besithando sikagesi
- Ukushisa okungafani kwegumbi ngenxa yobukhona bemithombo eminingi yokushisa esakhiweni.
- Izindlela eziningi ezizenzakalelayo nemisebenzi eyengeziwe iyisibusiso sangempela kubalandeli bokupheka.
- Ikhono lokusetha ngokunembile ithempelesha edingekayo, imodi nesikhathi sokupheka.
- Ukuphepha - uma kuqhathaniswa nokulingana negesi.
- Umsebenzi wokuzihlanza - i-pyrolytic noma i-catalytic. Ekuqaleni, ukuhlanza kwenziwa ngokushisa amadiphozi ekhabhoni ezingeni lokushisa lama-degree angama-500. Indlela yesibili ikuvumela ukuthi uhlanze ikhabethe ngenkathi upheka. Izakhi ezikhethekile ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zenza ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha ku-carbon dioxide namanzi.
Ngazo zonke izinzuzo zayo, ihhavini likagesi nalo linezinkinga, kufaka phakathi:
- isidingo sokufanisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwedivayisi namandla wenethiwekhi kagesi;
- ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zamandla;
- izindleko eziphezulu zemishini.
Ungayikhetha kanjani i-ovini
Ukukhethwa kwesitofu esisha kufanele kuhanjiswe ngomthwalo omkhulu. Ukunethezeka nokusebenziseka kahle komsingathi lapho uyisebenzisa, ikhwalithi nezinhlobonhlobo zezitsha kuzoya ngalokhu. Lapho uthenga, udinga ukucabangela ubukhulu besethi yekhishi, ikhono lokuxhuma kumanethiwekhi.
Lapho uthenga, kubalulekile ukubheka la maphuzu alandelayo:
- lapho ushintsha i-ovini, ubukhulu bensiza endala neyintsha kufanele bufane. Ngenxa yalokhu, awudingi ukushintsha ifenisha noma ukuyilungisa ibe nobukhulu obusha;
- inani lamalungu omndeni - ihhavini elijwayelekile lingahle linganeli ukupheka inani elikhulu lokudla ngasikhathi sinye. Uma umndeni mkhulu, kungcono ukunika okuncamelayo amakamelo anokuphakama okukhuphukile - kumahhavini anjalo, ungabeka amashidi amaningi okubhaka, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ugcine isikhathi sokupheka;
- ubukhulu bekhishi - kuzoba nzima ukubeka ihhavini elibanzi egumbini elincane, ngoba "lizodla" indawo esivele iyindlala. Into yokusebenza encane ilungele ikhishi elincane;
- ukwakhiwa komkhiqizo kufanele kuhambisane nesitayela esikhethiwe nesikimu sombala;
- imisebenzi eyengeziwe - i-oven microwave eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, i-boiler ephindwe kabili, i-grill, ishalofu lokushisa amapuleti - ukuba khona kwabo kukhulisa kakhulu izindleko zamadivayisi, kepha kunomthelela omuhle kwikhwalithi yezitsha, kwenza inqubo yokupheka ibe lula futhi ikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka;
- amadilowa angeziwe - uma kungekho ndawo yokubeka amapani namabhodwe, ungakhetha imodeli lapho kuzofakwa khona izindawo zokugcina;
- umsebenzi wokuzihlanza - uzokonga isikhathi esiningi, umzamo nemali yokuthenga amakhemikhali asendlini;
- Imiyalo yolimi lwesiRussia ezokwenza kube lula ukuthola izilungiselelo;
- amadivayisi enza inqubo yokupheka ibe ntofontofo - isibonisi, isibali sikhathi, iwashi;
- uhlelo lokukhiya izinkinobho, iminyango - ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwempilo nempilo yezingane.
Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bamahhavini kagesi
Enye yemingcele eyinhloko lapho ukhetha imishini ubukhulu behhavini. Okokusebenza kufanele kuhambisane kahle nesethi yasekhishini. Abakhiqizi banikela ngamamodeli wosayizi abahlukahlukene.
Uma i-ovini isetshenziswa njalo, kungakuhle ukuthi ukhethe okuncane, okuhlangene. Kodwa-ke, khumbula - ukusebenza kwesitofu esincanyana kuvame ukukhawulwa. Uma imisebenzi eyengeziwe ibalulekile kuwe, kungcono ukuthenga i-broiler enobukhulu obujwayelekile.
Ububanzi
Amahhavini ajwayelekile anobubanzi obungu-60 cm. Le yipharamitha eyamukelwa ngokujwayelekile abanamathela kuyo bonke abenzi bale mikhiqizo. Kunenani elikhulu lezinketho zamahhavini aleli banga losayizi emakethe. Mayelana nalokhu, ngeke kube nzima ukukhetha idivaysi efanelekile kunoma yimuphi umklamo, ukufaka ngokushesha imishini yakudala. Ovini abanjalo bakhiwe kalula ezimweni zamasethi ejwayelekile ekhishi, ngakho-ke akudingeki ukuthi u-ode ifenisha ebizayo yosayizi abangajwayelekile kubo.
Ukujula
Ukujula kwe-ovini ngamasentimitha angama-60 kubhekwa njengokulungile. Ihlanganiswe kahle nendawo yokusebenza ejwayelekile, ebuye ibe ngamasentimitha angama-60. Le ndawo ikuvumela ukuthi ubeke kahle imikhiqizo edingekayo yokupheka, izinto zasendlini ezincane, futhi unikeze ibanga elanele kumakhabethe esigaba esiphezulu. Kungakho amahedisethi ajwayelekile ahlinzeka ngendawo yokusebenza yalobubanzi.
Lokhu kujula kwehhavini kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ishidi lokubhaka elibanzi, elisheshisa kakhulu inqubo yokupheka. Ihhavini elinamapharamitha anjalo lizohlangana ngaphakathi egumbini elingaphansi kwehhobi, futhi lingene kwikhabhinethi ende eqondile noma kukholomu yekhishi.
Endabeni yesikhala esilinganiselwe, ungakhetha amamodeli anokujula kwama-50-55 cm.Kumakhishi amancane, izinketho ezihlangene ezinokujula kwama-45 cm zilungile.
Ukuphakama
Ukuphakama okuvame kakhulu kwamahhavini kagesi kungamasentimitha angama-60. Isabelo samabhubesi sikhiqizwa ngamapharamitha anjalo. Kodwa-ke, akukho okukuvimbayo ekukhetheni i-ovini enebude obungu-70 noma obungu-90 cm enamagumbi amakhulu noma amabili okubhaka. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amamodeli anjalo emakhishini anendawo encane engama-9 sq. m. Uma igumbi lingenamapharamitha afanayo, kufanele ukhethe amadivayisi amancane.
Osayizi abajwayelekile bamahhavini egesi
Enkambeni yokuthengwa kwamahhavini kagesi, kuyacaca ukuthi eza ngosayizi abehlukene. Amamodeli anobude obungu-50-55 cm nobubanzi obungu-60 cm kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.Nokho, amadivayisi analezi zilinganiso akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubeka ekhishini, ngoba ngemuva kokufaka ifenisha kungahle kungabi nendawo eyanele yokwakha kuhhavini noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungahle kube nokuningi kwalokho.
Ububanzi
Ngokwezindinganiso ezamukelwa ngokujwayelekile, ububanzi behhavini yakudala kufanele bube ngamasentimitha angama-60. Lapho ufaka idivaysi kwikhabethe elikhudlwana, inkinga kuphela kuzoba ukwephulwa kobuhle nokwakheka kwama-voids. Uma isikhala samahhala sincane, lokhu kuzokwenza ukufakwa kwemishini ejwayelekile kungenzeki. Kulokhu, ungathenga enye inketho - encane. Kungenxa yezimo ezinjalo ukuthi abakhiqizi banikeze amamodeli anobubanzi obungu-40, 45 cm. Noma kunjalo, kunzima ukuthola leyo ndlela - njengomthetho, okungenani, uhlobo olulodwa noma ezimbili zezimpahla zalesi sigaba ziyatholakala esitolo noma azikho nhlobo. Le ndlela iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokushumeka kumasethi efenisha yasekhishini elincane enzelwe isikhala esincane.
Ukujula
Inkomba emisiwe yokujula kwamahhavini kagesi ingu-60 cm. Akuvamile, leli pharamitha lingama-55 cm.Lobungako bubhekwa njengobulungile - bukhethwe ngokucophelela ngabakhiqizi ngokuya ngemiphumela yenani elikhulu lezifundo nokuhlolwa. Lokhu kujula kwehhavini okudingekayo ekubhaka okusezingeni eliphakeme ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokudla. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi abavamile ukuphambuka kule pharamitha. Kunemikhiqizo ethengiswayo enobude obungajulile obungu-45 cm, kepha ayidingeki kakhulu ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwayo.
Ukuphakama
Ukuphakama kwehhavini legesi elijwayelekile kungamasentimitha angama-60. Uma kwenzeka kukhona imisebenzi eyengeziwe, le parameter ingakhuphuka, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuyigcina. Abenzi balwela ukwanelisa zonke izidingo zamakhasimende, ngakho-ke bayaqhubeka benikela ngamamodeli angajwayelekile, ubukhulu bawo bunganelisa noma yisiphi isicelo.
Ubukhulu bamahhavini amakhulu
Emndenini omkhulu, imodeli ejwayelekile kungenzeka inganeli. Ikakhulukazi uma indlu ihlale ijabule ukwamukela izihlobo eziseduze nezikude, abangane nabantu obajwayele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kuzosiza kuhhavini elikhulisiwe. Izokuvumela ukuthi ubeke kahle futhi ulungiselele ukudla okuningi ngasikhathi sinye noma izitsha ezahlukahlukene ngasikhathi sinye.
Ovini abakhulu bafaka amamodeli anobubanzi obucishe bube ngamasentimitha angama-90. Banokuphakama nokujula okujwayelekile, kepha amandla abo egumbi liphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso. Umthamo wemikhiqizo enjalo ungasuka kumalitha angama-80, yize kuvame ukwehluka kusuka kumalitha ayi-110 kuye kwayi-120. Kuhhavini elinjalo, ungapheka kalula yonke inyoni enkulu noma inhlanzi - isibonelo, ipiki, ubhake wonke amakhukhi noma izingqimba eziningana zamakhekhe ngasikhathi sinye.
Enye inketho yehhavini enkulu ngamadivayisi akhuliswa ngokwandisa ukuphakama. Amamodeli anjalo angaba nokuphakama kwama-cm 72. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivayisi angaphindwa kabili. Inani eliphelele lamakamelo amabili ahlanganisiwe lidlula amalitha angama-200.
Osayizi behhavini abancane
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ekhishini lethu akumele zibe ubuchwepheshe obuphakeme nekhwalithi ephezulu kuphela, kepha futhi kufanelekile futhi zisebenziseke. Ngenxa yekhwalithi ephezulu yemishini, ukudla okuqediwe kuzoba nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu futhi kuzuze umzimba wethu. Ukusebenziseka kuzokwenza kube lula ukulawulwa kwemishini, kuqinisekiswe i-ergonomics yayo nokusetshenziswa okulula. Ungalayishi ngokweqile igumbi elincane elinezinto ezinkulu. Kuyadingeka ukuwalinganisa kahle ngaphakathi, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi inqubo yokubhaka "ayisidli" isikhala futhi ayikwenzi ugaxeke kuso njalo uma udlula. Ngakho-ke, kuhhavini owakhelwe ngaphakathi ulungele izikhala ezincane. Amakamelo anjalo anomthamo onesizotha - cishe amalitha angama-40 kuphela. Akufanele uthembele kuzo lapho udinga ukupheka inani elikhulu lokudla, kepha zizokwazi ukubhekana nezicelo zomndeni omncane.
Njengomthetho, ivolumu yemikhiqizo ehlangene iyancishiswa ngokunciphisa ukuphakama - yehliswe yaya ku-45 cm. Ububanzi nokujula kujwayelekile - 60x55 cm.
Enye indlela, engajwayelekile kakhulu, amamodeli amancane. Ububanzi bawo buyancipha buye ku-45 cm, kanti imingcele yokuphakama nokujula ihlala ingashintshi - 60 no-55 cm.
Amahhavini osayizi abangajwayelekile
Wonke amakhishi anamapharamitha angawodwana. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela leli phuzu lapho uthenga ihhavini. Ubukhulu bemishini yasendlini bungaphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile kuye phansi naphezulu. Abanikazi bezindlu zaseKhrushchev ezinamabhulokhi amancane okudla bangakhetha izinketho ezihlangene. Ngamakhishi avulekile, kanye namafulethi lapho kuhlala khona inani elikhulu labantu, kungcono ukhethe izithandani ezinkulu.
Amanye amamodeli afakwe umsebenzi we-microwave. Ngenxa yalolu khetho, ungenqaba ukuthenga idivayisi ehlukile bese uhlanganisa imikhiqizo emibili ibe yinto eyodwa. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine kakhulu isikhala futhi uma amakhekhe enziwe ekhaya engesona isivakashi esivamile etafuleni lakho, khona-ke le nketho kufanele ikucabangele.
Enye inketho engeyona ejwayelekile amamodeli anokuphakama okungafika kumasentimitha angama-90. Afakwe amakamelo amabili okulungiselela izitsha. Igumbi elikhulu likhulu ngosayizi. Le engenhla yenza umsebenzi osizayo kuphela, ikuvumela ukuthi usheshise inqubo yokupheka uma kunesidingo. Inokusetha okuyisisekelo okuyisisekelo kuphela futhi yehlukile ngobukhulu obunesizotha uma iqhathaniswa "nomakhelwane" ophelele ovela ngezansi.
Amahhavini anokuphakama okungajwayelekile. Ake siqokomise izigaba ezimbalwa eziyinhloko:
- amadivayisi anobude obungu-35-45 cm.Umthamo walawa makhabethe awudluli amalitha angama-50. Kulesi sigaba, kunamamodeli alekelelwa yi-microwave. Lokhu kufaka nezinketho ze-compact desktop;
- imikhiqizo ephezulu - engekho ngaphansi kwama-cm 60. Imingcele enjalo ivame ukutholakala kumadivayisi ochwepheshe. Phakathi kwale mikhiqizo kukhona amadivaysi amabili futhi amele mahhala.
Imikhiqizo enobubanzi obungajwayelekile
- Isincane - ububanzi abufiki kuma-50 cm, zingafihlwa kalula kwikhabethe elincane. Ekujuleni nasekuphakameni okujwayelekile, zigcina ivolumu enkulu ngokwanele, kepha kukhona amadivayisi amancane anevolumu encane yokusetshenziswa okungajwayelekile.
- Okubanzi - ngobubanzi obungu-cm 90. Zonke ezinye izilinganiso zihlala zijwayelekile. Umthamo unyuka ufike kumalitha ayi-110.
Ubukhulu bamahhavini ane-hob
Ama-oveni ahlanganiswe ne-hob ahlukaniswa njengezinto zokusebenza ezimahhala. Zakhelwe ku-niche eyakhiwe ngezinto zesethi yasekhishini.
Ukuphakama okujwayelekile kwe-ovini kungamasentimitha angama-85. Lokhu kuphakama kuvumela i-hob ukuthi ibekwe kahle ngendawo yokusebenza ngezinyawo eziguquguqukayo. Ububanzi bemikhiqizo buphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-50-90. Amamodeli ashubile azongena kahle ngaphakathi kwekhishi elincane. Emakamelweni avulekile, kungcono ukusebenzisa ozakwabo ababanzi. Ukujula kwamakhabethe anjalo kuvame kakhulu ku-60 cm, kepha kungahluka phakathi kuka-50-60.
Imikhiqizo ejwayelekile inobukhulu obungu-50x50, 50x60, 60x60 cm.
Emakhishini amancane, kungcono ukuthenga igesi ehlukile, ugesi, izitofu ezihlanganisiwe. Amakamelo avulekile azokwamukela kahle izinto ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Ubukhulu beNiche kanye nekhabethe lamahhavini akhelwe ngaphakathi
Ukuze uphendule umbuzo ngosayizi wama-niches wamahhavini akhelwe ngaphakathi, udinga ukugqamisa ama-nuances amakhulu wokuklama ibhokisi:
- Itafula lethebula kufanele libe nobukhulu obujwayelekile - ukujula kwalo kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angama-60.
- uma iphrojekthi ihlinzeka ngendawo yezindlu, kufanele isuswe amakhilomitha ayi-10 mm. I-hob ngokuvamile ivame ukwakhiwa ngqo ngaphezu kwehhavini, ukujula kwayo kungahluka. Ngakho-ke, ingaqhamuka phansi phansi komphewulethi futhi lokhu kufanele kubhekelwe;
- ukuvulwa okungenani kuka-568 mm kuyadingeka ukufaka i-ovini. Ngakho-ke, ibhokisi kufanele libe ububanzi obungu-60 cm;
- ukuphakama okudingekayo ekwakheni ama-ovini amaningi kungamasentimitha angama-60. Kuvulwe ukuvuleka okunobude obungu-595 mm.
Amasokhethi, amapayipi namanye amadivayisi afanayo akufanele abekwe engxenyeni yodonga ngemuva kwekhabethe.
Ungayifaka kanjani futhi kuphi
Lapho ufaka kuhhavini, kufanele kugcinwe le mibandela elandelayo:
- idivayisi ibekwe kuphela endaweni eyisicaba, lapho kutholakala khona umoya omncane ukuze kususwe ukushisa;
- izikhala ezincane kufanele zishiywe phakathi kwehhavini nomzimba ukusakazwa kwamahhala komoya. Igebe elingezansi phansi kufanele libe ngu-8-10 cm.Ibanga elingu-0.5-1 cm kufanele lihlale ezindongeni eziseceleni.Igebe ngemuva kufanele libe ngu-4-5 cm;
- ukuphakama kwehhavini kufanele kukhethwe ngendlela yokuthi kungabandakanyi ithuba lokushisa ubuso ngomusi oshisayo. Iphaneli yokulawula kufanele ibekwe hhayi ngaphansi kwesinqe somuntu hhayi ngaphezu kwamehlo akhe;
- ihhavini legesi kufanele libekwe eduze kwamapayipi, lishiye ukufinyelela kwamahhala kokufakwa kwegesi, ihhavini likagesi kufanele litholakale eduze komthombo wamandla ukuze ungasebenzisi izintambo zokwengeza.
Isidingo esikhulu sokufakwa ukuhambisana nemiyalo nemithetho yokuphepha.
Izinyathelo zokufaka
- Ukuqeqesha. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole i-wiring yezinga lokumelana, ubukhona bezintambo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezinesigaba esinqamulayo esanele ukuhlinzeka ngamandla amenyezelwe, ucingo lwaphansi, isekhethi elihlukile lesifunda.
- Ukuxhunywa kwentambo ngamatheminali wesikulufa.
- Beka ihhavini egumbini elilungisiwe lehedsethi.
- Ukulungisa idivayisi ngezikulufo ezihlanganayo.
- Ukugeza izindawo ezingaphakathi nokubala umkhiqizo ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-150-200.
Imininingwane engenhla izokusiza ukuthi ungenzi iphutha lapho ukhetha i-ovini yekhishi lakho.
