Abantu abaningi bathanda ukushintsha njalo okuthile ngaphakathi kwabo - ukuhlela kabusha ifenisha, ukudlula imidwebo, ukuhlobisa izindonga. Kepha kuthiwani uma ungakwazi ukukhokhela ukulungiswa okubizayo, futhi ufuna ngempela ukwakha idizayini eyingqayizivele? Ama-stencils wokuhlobisa azokusiza - ngopende omncane nesikhathi samahhala, kuzoba lula ukuhlobisa cishe noma iyiphi indawo, ngaphandle kwamakhono obuciko.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa ama-stencils
Ukuhlobisa amakamelo ngama-stencils kunezinzuzo eziningi:
- indlela esheshayo yokwengeza okuhlukahlukene kokungaphakathi okucacile;
- ikhono lokwenza ukulungiswa ngotshalomali oluncane;
- lungisa ukwakheka kwegumbi, ulihlukanise libe izingxenye ezihlukene;
- ukufihla amaphutha amancane odongeni;
- "Fihla" noma engeza into yesikhala oyifunayo;
- zibandakanye nobuciko nomndeni wonke, kanye nezingane;
- kulula ukuzenzela wedwa, khetha kumasampuli anikezwe kuzinhlu.
Izinto zokukhiqiza
Okulandelayo kusetshenziswa njengezinto ze-stencil:
- amafilimu e-vinyl (i-oracal);
- I-PVC;
- amakhadibhodi;
- iphepha elijiyile;
- ipulasitiki elincanyana;
- ipulangwe;
- I-Fiberboard;
- iphepha lodonga.
Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngefilimu enamathelayo iyona elula ukuyisebenzisa - inanyathiselwe odongeni, ipendwe ezindaweni ezifanele, bese iyaxotshwa, ilahlwe kude. Ipulasitiki - isetshenziswe kaningana, kepha izinsalela zokupenda kufanele zisuswe ngokucophelela.
I-stencil isikwe ngokuzimela kusuka ephepheni, iphepha lodonga, phambi kwe-jigsaw, umsiki - kusuka kuplywood noma epulasitiki.
Okuhlukahlukene ngohlobo lwephethini
Imihlobiso yangempela, imihlobiso ayikhethelwa isitayela esihlosiwe sangaphakathi kuphela, kepha futhi kucatshangelwa amakhono namakhono obuciko omuntu ozohlobisa igumbi. Uma kungekho okuhlangenwe nakho emakamelweni okuhlobisa kanjena okwamanje, kungcono ukuthenga izifanekiso ezenziwe ngomumo, hhayi ukumiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Ngokuya ngezindlela zokufaka umbala, ama-stencils ahlukaniswe ngezinhlobo:
| Ongashadile | The elula, ezivame kakhulu. Kubo, basebenzisa ithoni eyodwa kapende, noma oqalayo angakwazi ukusingatha uhlelo lokusebenza. |
| Kuhlanganisiwe | Imulticolor, imibala emibili noma emithathu noma ngaphezulu isetshenziswa lapha ngasikhathi sinye, esidinga ulwazi oluthile, ukunemba, ukunamathela okuqinile ekulandelaneni kwezenzo. |
| Umthamo | Benza kube nokwenzeka ukuveza isithombe sosizo odongeni. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa i-putty, isetshenziswa ngongqimba cishe wamamilimitha amathathu. Uma isithombe esiphelile sihlotshiswe kahle ngokukhanyisa, ungakha umbono we-bas-relief, isithombe se-3D. |
| Okuphambene | Ama-anti-stencils lapho kungapendiwe khona isikhala sangaphakathi, kepha ingemuva langaphandle. Isithombe esikhethiwe sizoba umbala wobuso obuzohlotshiswa, udonga oluzungezile luzobe luhlukile. |
Izifanekiso ziyatholakala ukuze zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi esisodwa - azisebenziseki ngemuva kwesikhathi esisodwa noma ezimbili, ziphinde zisebenze - zisetshenziswe kaninginingi. Lezi zokugcina zenziwe ngezinto eziqinile, kepha azivamile ukuba zinkulu, ngenxa yesisindo sazo esikhulu nobuningi.
Ukukhethwa kwesitayela sama-stencils
Isithombe esifanele sikhethelwa noma yikuphi ukwakheka kwangaphakathi, isibonelo:
- zakudala - amaphethini wokulinganisa atholakala maphakathi nodonga, ama-monograms, i-damask, zonke izinhlobo zama-curls. Igolide, mhlophe-mhlophe, imibala elula ekhanyayo;
- i-baroque - izithombe zamagilebhisi, ama-roses, izikhumba eziyinkimbinkimbi, amaqabunga anomusa, amagatsha. I-pastel, amathoni we-turquoise, i-gilding, ithusi;
- I-loft - izinhlaka zamadolobha amakhulu, amabhilidi amakhulu, izimoto, izindlela, imibhalo ebhaliwe. Izitini zibomvu, zimnyama, mpunga, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imibala ye-beige;
- i-minimalism - imivimbo, izithombe ze-monochrome ezine-geometry elula. Imibala "emsulwa" - emnyama, ebomvu, emhlophe, ephuzi;
- hi-tech - ukukhishwa, imigqa ephukile, amagagasi. Okumpunga, okumhlophe okwesiliva, okumnyama nsundu, imidwebo yensimbi;
- Izwe - ikheji, izithombe zezinyoni, izimbali zikabhekilanga, i-lavender, izimvemvane, izingqikithi zomhlaba. Okuvikelayo okuluhlaza okotshani, okunsundu ngokubomvu, iterracotta, amathoni aphuzi esihlabathi;
- empumalanga - izithombe zamagatsha eziqhakaza ezihlahla, ama-hieroglyphs, bamboo. Imibala - ukushona kwelanga kubomvu, kuphuzi okuluhlaza okotshani, kupinki onsundu, kumnyama nsundu;
- ubuciko be-pop - izithombe ezenziwe ngesitayela zabantu abadumile, izimpawu ezahlukahlukene, izincwadi. Amathoni abomvu-orange, aluhlaza okotshani, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- ubuhlanga - ukudweba ngaphansi kweKhokhloma noma iGzhel, imihlobiso yabantu baseRussia, izithombe zezitsha zasendlini zokhuni;
- AbaseGibhithe - imibala efudumele, izithombe ezilingisa amafresco namabhubesi, oFaro, ama-sphinx.
I-stencil ingaba eyodwa, iphindwe kaningana, futhi imele isithombe esigcwele imibala yonke.
Ungathenga kuphi ama-stencils
Ama-stencils athengwa kakhulu ezitolo noma ezimakethe zokwakha, a-odwa kumasayithi akwi-Intanethi. Okudume kakhulu yile:
- imifino, izinhloso zezimbali;
- ama-silhouettes ezilwane, izinyoni;
- amaphrofayli, ubuso besitayela babantu;
- izibalo zejometri;
- imibhalo enohlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi;
- ama-meanders, ama-fractal;
- izinkanyezi, izinhliziyo;
- izincwadi, izinombolo, amalogo.
Kwesinye isikhathi izifanekiso zenziwa ngokuya ngemidwebo esungulwe ngokwazo, okusamele ikhuliswe futhi iphrintwe kwesinye sezitudiyo zezithombe, lapho kunomshini omkhulu wokunyathelisa owenziwe ephepheni, epulasitiki, nefilimu yokuzihlanganisa. Ezinkampanini ezibandakanya ukukhangisa kwangaphandle, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa noma iyiphi i-stencil ngokususelwa esithombeni elethwe yikhasimende.
Uma ungafuni ukungcola ngopende, kuthengwa ama-stencils e-decoupage, anamathiselwe ebusweni, ahlobisiwe.
Ungayenza kanjani i-stencil ngezandla zakho
Isifanekiso esenziwe ngokwakho sihlala sihlukile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuze ukwenze uzodinga:
- umdwebo uqobo;
- impahla - ipulasitiki, iphepha, ifilimu;
- ipensela;
- ummese wephepha;
- IScotch.
Ungakwenza kanjani ngezigaba:
- isithombe singakopishwa, sinyatheliswe kwi-Intanethi, sikhuliselwe kufomethi oyifunayo, noma, uma unethalente lobuciko, ungasebenzisa umdwebo wesandla;
- khona-ke okokusebenza kukhethiwe - amakhadibhodi, ifilimu yokuzimela, isiqeshana sepulasitiki. Kunoma iyiphi yazo, izinkampani ezibandakanya ukukhangisa okubukwayo zingaphrinta isithombe osifunayo. Ngenye indlela, zidluliselwa kusitensela kusetshenziswa iphepha lekhabhoni;
- ithempulethi elenziwe ngamakhadibhodi linamathiselwe nge-tape ezinhlangothini zombili noma laminishwe - ngale ndlela umkhiqizo uzohlala isikhathi eside;
- emva kwalokho, i-stencil isikwa ngokucophelela ngommese obukhali noma i-blade - kubalulekile ukuthi kungabikho ama-burrs. Ingilazi ibekwa ngaphansi ukuze ungaklwebhi itafula.
Ukukhetha indawo yokudweba isithombe
Ngosizo lwama-stencils, ungahlobisa ngendlela yasekuqaleni hhayi nje kuphela odongeni obhalwe ngopende noma obondwe ngodonga, kodwa futhi nophahla, phansi, amakhabethe, izibuko, izingcezu zengilazi, iminyango, amawindi, izindawo zomlilo, njll. Izithombe ezinkulu zodonga ezigcwalisa lesi sikhala zifanele amakamelo avulekile. Amakamelo aminyene ahlotshiswe ngezithombe ezincane, izinto ezihlukile ezingaminyanisi isikhala. Imvamisa, imihlobiso enephethini ibekwa eduze kweminyango yokungena noma yangaphakathi, amasokhethi, amaswishi, izibuko, ngaphezu kwemibhede, amatafula namatafula asembhedeni. Endlini yokugezela, isikhala esingenhla kwesisetshenziswa ngasinye samapayipi senziwa; enkulisa, iningi lezindawo zamahhala livame ukupendwa.
Izikhala ezinophahla oluphakeme zihlotshiswe ngamaphethini amancane aqhelelene ngokuvundlile, agijima kulo lonke ipherimitha, lapho uphahla luphansi - lumi mpo, lucebe iziza ukusuka phezulu kuye phansi.
Lapho kuhlobiswa izindlu zangaphakathi zomkhosi (Unyaka Omusha, umshado, usuku lokuzalwa, iholide yasentwasahlobo, i-Halloween, uSuku lwe-Valentine, njll.), Imidwebo ye-stencil isetshenziswa ngopende obugezwe kalula, kulezo zindawo okulula ukuzihlanza kamuva.
Imuphi upende ozowusebenzisa
Ukwakha imidwebo ngesitolo noma nge-stencils "eyenziwe ekhaya", kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa opende nezinto ezehluke kakhulu:
- i-acrylic;
- okususelwa emanzini;
- i-gouache;
- i-gel ekhazimulayo;
- Upende kawoyela;
- iphepha lodonga;
- ukhonkolo anemibala zokuhlobisa
Kukhona nezindlela eziningana zokufaka isicelo:
- ikani lokufafaza;
- ibhulashi lomoya;
- isiponji;
- ibhulashi;
- roller;
- nge spatula.
Imidwebo eqediwe yokuqina, ukunakekelwa okulula, imbozwe i-varnish ebonakalayo.
Ungasebenza kanjani nge-stencil ngendlela efanele
Ukuxakaniseka kokusebenza ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngezifanekiso kuncike ohlotsheni lobuso obuzophathwa, inani lemibala, imininingwane yomdwebo, ikhwalithi kapende namavanishi asetshenzisiwe, indawo yokufaka isicelo, kanye nesipiliyoni senkosi. Ngomhlobiso osezingeni eliphakeme, izindonga zenziwa zilingane futhi zibushelelezi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ama-curve ngokweqile alinganiswa ngopulasitela, asongwe nge-sandpaper enhle. Uma udonga lulingene, lumane lugezwe, lumiswe, bese umdwebo uzanywa ebusweni ukuze unqume ukuthi uzotholakala kuphi kahle kakhulu.
Usebenza kanjani
Ukwakha isithombe uzodinga:
- ama-stencils uqobo;
- namathela kubo;
- i-roller noma ibhulashi;
- ukudweba ibhaluni noma i-acrylic liquid;
- amagilavu okuvikela.
Ukwakha isithombe esinemibala eminingi, uzodinga okungenani imibala emibili noma emithathu ehlukene yokwakheka kwedayi.
Kanjani, yini okufanele uyilungise
Ukuze kuthi ngesikhathi sokudweba ithempulethi ingasuki, ingahambi isihambisane nendawo enikeziwe, inamathiselwe ngeglu ye-aerosol, engashiyi amabala, iminonjana, engaholeli ekuxobeni upende, iphepha lodonga. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandelayo: inani elanele lengcina lifuthwa ebusweni bethempulethi buqamama, ngemuva kwalokho okokusebenza kucindezelwa ngokuqinile ebusweni okuzolashwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho amabhuloho mancane khona.
Kubalulekile ukuthi unake ukuthi ubushelelezi obudongeni noma enye indiza, ukuqina kwe-stencil kunamathela odongeni, kunciphisa amathuba okukhubazeka kwiphethini yesikhathi esizayo, yize ingcina ingalondolozi ngokuphelele upende ekugelezeni. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa ithempulethi kaningana, akudingekile ukuthi ugeze ngokuphelele ingcina ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
Amathempulethi asindayo osayizi abakhulu, futhi avikelekile nge-masking tape ngenetha lokuphepha.
Ungasidlulisela kanjani isithombe odongeni
Amapende asetshenziswa ngesiponji esinamagwebu, ibhulashi lokupenda, iroli noma ngebrush yomoya. Ibhulashi ligcinwe ngokungafani ukuze i-villi ingangeni emaphethelweni, isiponji ne-roller kukhishwe ngobumnene - ukusetshenziswa kokugcina kuyalulekwa lapho udinga ukupenda izindawo ezinkulu. Lapho ukudweba nge-airbrush noma i-spray can, kwenziwa kude no-25-35 cm kusuka odongeni, futhi izindawo ezithile zivikelekile ekungeneni kwedayi.
Lapho ufaka izithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi zesakhiwo, izinto zokwabiwa komhlaba, ukumaka okucacile kwangaphambilini kuyadingeka.
Ungasebenza kanjani nge-stencil volumetric
Imidwebo enemidwebo ibukeka ibukekayo, ikakhulukazi ifanele izinto zangaphakathi ezibizayo ngesitayela se-classic noma se-Empire, kaningi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa i-loft noma i-Art Deco.
Ukwakha ukukhululeka okunjalo, uzodinga isifanekiso ukujiya ngamamilimitha amathathu kuya kwamathathu, i-putty eyenziwe nge-acrylic ekhethekile, esetshenziswa ungqimba ngongqimba nge-spatula. I-stencil iyasuswa lapho ukwakheka kusanda kubamba, kepha kungakabi yiqhwa ngokuphelele. Uma kunokungahambi kahle okubonakalayo, kufakwa isihlabathi nge-sandpaper, bese kupendwa, bese ulinda kuze kome ngokuphelele.
Amathiphu wokukhetha ama-stencils ezakhiweni ezahlukahlukene
Emakamelweni ahlukene, kusetshenziswa izifanekiso ezahlukahlukene: endlini yangasese, ekhishini, evulekile i-loggia, umswakama uvame ukwanda, ngakho-ke ama-gouache nama-watercolor avela kumashubhu awamukeleki lapha, ngenxa yokungazinzi kwemiphumela yamanzi. Ekamelweni lokulala, iziza ezolile, imibala emnyama, inani eliphansi lokuqhathanisa okubukhali liyathandwa. E-nursery, kunalokho - imibala ethe xaxa, iba ngcono, kepha kuphela ngombandela wokuthi izindonga zidwetshiwe ngombala ofiphele. Ama-anti-stencils, enziwe ngemibala ye-pastel, alungele izindawo zokuphumula, ukulala, ukuzindla.
Izihloko nazo zizohluka:
- ikhishi - izithombe zezithelo, imifino, izitsha, izitsha ezimnandi, i-khokhloma enemibala;
- igumbi lokulala - isibhakabhaka esigcwele izinkanyezi nenyanga, izihlahla ezinezinyoni, amakati alalayo, amaphethini ahlotshisiwe ngaphezulu kwekhanda lombhede, itafula lokugqoka;
- igumbi lokuphumula - izibalo ezinkulu zejometri, i-monochrome noma izindawo ezinemibala, izimvemvane ezindizayo, i-arch endala phezu komlilo, ilanga phezu kwe-TV;
- izingane - izindaba ezinhle, ama-silhouette abonakalayo wabalingiswa bekhathuni, izilwane;
- ihholo lokungena - izithombe zama-zigzags, "umbani", amagagasi, imivimbo, izambulela, iziphanyeko, izigqoko;
- indlu yokugezela - indikimba yasolwandle, amagwebu ensipho, izingane zokubhukuda, amadada okubhukuda, ama-swans, izikebhe zamaphepha;
- iKhabinethi - dwebela izithombe zezincwadi, amaphepha ebhizinisi, imithombo yosinki ngosiba lokubhala;
- kuvulandi noma i-loggia - izihlahla zesundu, izitshalo eziluhlaza okwedlulele, izilwane, izinyoni, izimvemvane.
Ekamelweni lezingane, kufanelekile izifanekiso ezibukeka njengamapuleti anamagama engane ngayinye onyaweni lombhede, ezihlalweni eziphakeme, ezilokishini. Kwenziwa okufanayo ezindlini ezenziwe ngokhuni zamakati nezinja ezifuywayo.
Amaphutha lapho usebenza nge-stencil, ukuthi ungawagwema kanjani
Ngaphambi kokudweba isithombe, kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi ukukhanya kuvela kuphi - lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezithombeni ze-volumetric. Ukuvimbela upende ukuthi ungaconsi ngemuva kwethempulethi, uthathwa kancane kancane, kancane, kancane, usetshenziswe "ukugxusha". Ama-stencils alungiswa ngokunganyakazi ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamiseka, ukuhlanekezelwa kwesithombe sonke. Ngaphambi kokudaya, kungakuhle ukuthi "uzijwayeze isandla sakho" esiqeshini sangemuva sakudala, ikakhulukazi uma lokhu kungokokuqala ukudweba nge-stencil.
Esigabeni sokwenza umdwebo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ngayo yonke imininingwane - izinto ezincane ngokweqile azikulungele ukufaka umbala, zizolayisha kakhulu ingaphakathi lesikhala esincane, zihlangane lapho zibukwa kude ibanga egumbini elibanzi. Ngokuya ngombala, ngesakhiwo, ngosayizi, isithombe se-stencil kufanele sihambisane nomoya ojwayelekile wegumbi, inhloso yalo.
Uma kwenzeka upende ngephutha, okweqile kuyasuswa ngezingubo zikakotini, indwangu efakwe emanzini, i-solvent - kuya ngopende osetshenzisiwe.
Isiphetho
Ama-stencils womklami noma owenziwe ekhaya wezindonga zokupenda ayindlela elula, esheshayo yokuhlukanisa imihlobiso yegumbi, engeza ukuthinta kwento entsha, ekhombisa ubuhlakani bakho. Ngosizo lwabo, kwenziwa lonke ifulethi, indlu yangasese, noma igumbi elilodwa nje, indawo ehlukile yesikhala esikhulu. Imidwebo efanelekayo ingalandwa kwi-Intanethi, ukhethe isitayela esifiselekayo segumbi, unqunywe kumagazini, uthengwe esitolo sehadiwe, udwetswe ngezandla zakho, ngemuva kokuphrinta "kusikhungo sokukopisha" esiseduze.
