Igama elithi "ingilazi enamabala" ngokushesha livusa isithombe samawindi aphakathi nendawo wobuciko bokwakha baseYurophu - amasonto ababhishobhi amaGothic. Idlulisa ukukhanya kwelanga, igcwalisa indawo yangaphakathi ngokudlala imibala, izingoma ezinkulu zokuhlobisa ingilazi zidwebe itshe elibandayo lamathempeli ngokugqama okugqamile.
Le nto yokuhlobisa ibilokhu ibiza kakhulu ngenxa yobungqayizivele bomsebenzi wezingcweti, ubunzima bokukhethwa kwezingcezu, ubude benqubo yokujoyina nokufaka i-soldering. Namuhla, amafasitela anengilazi enamabala ngaphakathi ayatholakala kuwo wonke umuntu ofuna ukwengeza ukuthinta okungasho lutho ekwakhiweni kwekhaya labo. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe besimanje, ukukhiqizwa kwabo sekulula, futhi ukulingiswa, okungekho ngaphansi kunalokho okubonakalayo kozakwabo bakudala, kushibhile kakhulu.
Endulo nesikhathi sesimanjemanje: izinhlobo zengilazi enamabala
Izinketho eziyinhloko zamawindi enengilazi enamabala ziyehluka ngendlela enziwe ngayo:
- ukwakheka kwezingcezu zengilazi ezinemibala exhunywe ngezibopho zensimbi;
- ukuhlanganisa izingcezu zengilazi ezinemibala esisekelweni;
- ifilimu enamabala ngengilazi eqinile;
- kupendwe (gcwalisa) ingilazi enamabala: ngemuva kokudweba umugqa, indawo ebonakalayo isembozwe ngopende, umphumela umdwebo okopisha inqubo yokuqala yengilazi enamabala.
Iwindi lengilazi elinamabala akudala lihlukile njalo. Lokhu kudalwe ngumculi kukhophi eyodwa, akunakwenzeka ukuyigxiviza njengamakhemikhali abicah. Izinguqulo zesimanje ezilingisa ukwakheka kwengilazi ezinemibala ngokunamathisela amafilimu anombala obala esisekelweni, noma ngokusebenzisa izingqimba zokupenda nemingcele (okufana nokubopha izinsimbi) kungasakazwa. Lokhu ngumehluko oyisisekelo othinta izindleko nokubaluleka kobuciko kwephaneli yengilazi.
Ingilazi engenamthungo: ingilazi ayisikiwe, kepha iyancibilika
Amafasitela angenamthungo anengilazi adalwa ngokucutshungulwa okushisa okuphezulu kwephethini kusuka ezingcezaneni ezincane ezinemibala ezibekwe eshidini eliqinile lengilazi. Ukunamathiswa kwezendlalelo ngazinye kuyenzeka, ukugcwaliswa kolayini bensimbi ngengilazi evuthayo, okwenza kube lula ukuthola ingilazi enamabala ngobukhulu obukhulu bamandla anele. Kunezindlela eziningana ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza lolu hlobo lwengilazi enamabala. Ziyahlukahluka ngensimbi esetshenziselwa umugqa noma ukungabi bikho kwayo, futhi ngosizo lwe-etching (ukwelashwa kwe-asidi kwezindawo ezahlukahlukene ngokusho komdwebo), kungenzeka ukuthi wakhe amaphethini kusuka ezintweni ze-matte nezisobala zokujula okuhlukahlukene. Usebenzisa indlela ye-etching, ungakha into ehlukile yokuhlobisa ikhaya lakho ngezandla zakho, into esemqoka ukulandela imithetho yokuphepha.
Ukuqanjwa Kwengilazi Engcolile: Okwakudala Okuncomekayo
Ifasitela lengilazi eligciniwe - ukujoyina ingilazi ngokuyifaka ku-edging yensimbi bese i-soldering. Kwakungale ndlela lapho amafasitela enziwe ngengilazi ahlobisa izinqaba namasonto asendulo. Lobu ubuchwepheshe obudala kakhulu, obudla kanzima, obunezithiyo uma udala futhi ufaka:
- ukusika kokuqala kwezibuko zobukhulu obudingekayo;
- isidingo sokulingana okuphelele kwensimbi (lead) izibopho nezingcezu zengilazi;
- ububanzi obukhulu bephrofayili emise okwe-H;
- isisindo esinzima;
- akunakwenzeka ukudala indawo eyindilinga (izinto ezicaba kuphela).
Iwindi lengilazi elithuthukisiwe lokuhlobisa uhlobo luwumkhiqizo owenziwe ngetiffany yaseMelika. Kuyinto yokwakheka kwezingcezu zengilazi ezinemibala, ehlanganiswe yaba yinto eyodwa enetape yethusi nensimbi yokunamathisela. Ukwenqatshwa kokuqina okungaguquguquki okuqinile kukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izingcezu zosayizi omncane kakhulu, udale ubujamo be-convex-concave, bese uphinda imigqa ebushelelezi yemidwebo.
Amafasitela anengilazi anemibala: ivolumu idlala indima enkulu
Lapho uthuthukisa iphrojekthi yokuhlobisa ingaphakathi, ifenisha yokuhlobisa, amaphaneli eminyango, i.e. izinto ezivame kakhulu phambi kwamehlo wabanikazi bezindlu, ukusetshenziswa kwamafasitela enamabala okusiza kusebenza ngempumelelo. Ukwakhiwa kwevolumu eyengeziwe kuvumela into ngayinye yokuhlobisa ukuthi yenziwe "ibhokisi elinemfihlo": i-facade iguqulwa ngokubukeka kuye ngesikhathi sosuku, ukukhanyisa okujwayelekile, futhi kuheha ukunakwa.
Ukuthola ukukhishwa kwengilazi enamabala kungenzeka ezimweni ezi-2:
- lapho i-chamfering (isici) eceleni komjikelezo wezinto zengilazi;
- lapho usebenzisa i-volumetric, faceted, ingilazi epholishiwe ifaka endizeni jikelele yokwakhiwa.
Ukusika kusondeza ingilazi ejwayelekile ekubukeni kwamatshe ayigugu, imiphetho iyakhanya kusuka kugongolo olukhanyayo ngalunye, umngcele wethusi ungeza okucwebezelayo okwegolide futhi noma yimuphi umnyango wefenisha uba umnyango wezimali zika-Aladdin.
Uhlobo lwefilimu lwengilazi enamabala: okungabizi kakhulu, okulula, ukonga kakhulu
Okulula kwezobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ingilazi enamabala efilimu, kepha ayibukeki imbi kakhulu kunozakwabo ababunjiwe. Ingcweti yasekhaya ingenza le nto yokuhlobisa ngezandla zayo isebenzisa itheyiphu yokunamathela. Amaphuzu abalulekile enqubo yile: ukuthuthukiswa komdwebo, kucatshangelwa okuyisisekelo kwendlela, ukulungiswa ngokucophelela kobuso, ukunemba lapho ufaka izingcezu zombala, uma kukhulunywa ngezingxenye ezithile zokwakheka.
Abakhiqizi bezinto zamafilimu baqhubekele phambili endleleni yokwenza lula umsebenzi we "DIY" - banikela ngemidwebo eminingi yokuzenzela enziwe ngomumo ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Izinzuzo zefilimu yengilazi enamabala zisobala: ayipheli ngaphansi kwethonya lemisebe ye-ultraviolet, iyakwazi ukuvikela amakhaya uma kwenzeka iphuka ngengilazi ngephutha, ikhiqiza kabusha umphumela wengilazi enamabala, futhi ingashintshwa kalula uma umdwebo ubonakala ungabalulekile ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Ingilazi egcinwe ngaphakathi: ukuvakashelwa kwezitayela
Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe obunamabala bengilazi benza kube nokwenzeka ukudala zombili izifanekiselo zemikhiqizo yakudala nezingoma zesimanje ezingaba umhlobiso wangaphakathi wangaphakathi. Ilungelo lekhasimende ukunquma ngesitayela, okunye kuzokwenziwa ngochwepheshe.
| Isitayela | IsiGothic | Isimanje | UTiffany | I-classic yesimanje | Ubuncane |
| Imibala eyinhloko | Amathoni agcwalisiwe: aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu wegazi, u-emerald, ophuzi | Iminti, i-cobalt, iparele elinobisi, ipinki, nsomi | Izithunzi ezithambile: ekwindla ophuzi, owolintshi, otshani othulisiwe, onsundu, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Ukuhlukahluka kombala kunwetshwa ngokungenamkhawulo ngenxa yezithasiselo zokwenziwa | I-Monochrome noma umehluko |
| Izici ezihlukile | Izibopho zokuhola, izingcezu zengilazi zezimo zejometri | Imigqa ebushelelezi, ukusetshenziswa kwemihlobiso yezimbali (irises, poppies, lotuses, ivy) | Umumo oyindilinga, imininingwane, izingilazi "ze-opal" ezikhethekile | Ithuba lokuxhunyaniswa nezinye izinto, alilinganiselwe esikalini, ngaphandle kwamagoda | Imigqa ebukhali, amabala amakhulu ombala |
| Izibonelo zohlelo lokusebenza | Ukuqanjwa kwamavolumu, amawindi, ukugcwaliswa kwamaqabunga emnyango | Izingxenye zangaphakathi, ukucwebezela kwama-transoms efasiteleni | Ama-lampshades, ama-chandeliers, ama-ceiling shades, ama-vases, amabhokisi, amathreyi | Izingxenye zodonga, izindonga zamakamelo okugeza | Izakhi zangaphakathi zokuhlobisa, amaphaneli alula, ukufakwa kodonga |
Ifasitela lengilazi eligciniwe: konke ngemuva kwengilazi kushintsha umbala
Ngokuya ngomsebenzi wobuciko kanye nesilinganiso sokucwebezelisa, amafasitela anengilazi angamboza ngokuphelele ukuvuleka kwewindi noma ahlobise ingxenye yawo. Abaklami bangaphakathi batusa ukuxhumanisa iphethini yengilazi nezinto zephalethi ebhalwe ngobunono lapho ukhetha ukuqedwa kwekamelo, kuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwesitayela jikelele. Amapaneli engilazi anezintaba ezindlini zasemakhaya ezinokukhanya kwesibili abukeka emangalisa ngokukhethekile - imisebe yelanga ingena nge-kaleidoscope yezingcezu, umdlalo othakazelisayo wokukhanya nombala wenziwe, okwenza ingaphakathi lekamelo elikhulu lihluke.
Ukukhombisa maphakathi nendlu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amabala ombala we-volumetric, izingcezu ezincane ezifana nemvunulo ye-Harlequin, ezochoboza isikhala esikhulu.
Umnyango wengilazi ongcolile uholela enganekwaneni
Ukufakwa kokuhlobisa okwenziwe ngengilazi enemibala kungahlobisa iminyango yomklamo wakudala nowesimanje, umehluko omkhulu iphethini. Izinketho zokuvula oku-Glazing:
- ubuncane (ukufaka okuncane okuncane);
- esiphezulu (yonke iminyango yengilazi);
- okuphakathi (ngaphezulu kweqabunga lomnyango, uhhafu walo, ingxenye ebalulekile).
Iqabunga lomnyango wengilazi elingenaso isisekelo esiqinile lingaguqulwa libe yifasitela elingenamthungo, eligwetshiwe, ifasitela elinengilazi lefilimu noma inguqulo enomdwebo, nansi inqubo esemqoka ukuphepha kokusetshenziswa. Kepha umnyango wakudala uzomelana nanoma iyiphi inketho - izici zawo zamandla zanele into yokubeka ingilazi enamabala.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwengilazi okungcolisiwe kungaba umhlobiso okhethekile wendlu enkulu - iminyango eboshwe kabili efakwe ezindongeni ngokufakwa kwengilazi. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zihlanganisa kalula amakamelo amaningana, zakha igumbi lamakamelo lokwamukela inani elikhulu lezivakashi.
Ingilazi enamabala
Izinhlobo zamanje zamawindi ezinengilazi ezinamabala zilula futhi zihlala isikhathi eside, ezibavumela hhayi kuphela ukugcwalisa ukuvuleka esakhiweni esime mpo sendlu nabo, kodwa futhi nokuzinamathisela ezindaweni ezivundlile. Esikhundleni sokubunjwa kwe-stucco esetshenziswa kaningi ngokuhlanganiswa ne-chandelier ye-cascade, i-glass-glazing plailing glazing kungenzeka, engagcizelela isitayela esithile sangaphakathi.
Izinzuzo zale nqubo zisobala:
- Imithombo ekhanyayo ifihliwe;
- Izintambo zikagesi zisuswe phakathi kophahla olukhulu nokuhlobisa;
- Ukuphakama kwegumbi kuncipha kancane;
- Ithuba lokugqamisa imikhakha ehlukene yokwakheka kwengilazi, kwakheke okuhlukahlukene kwesithombe esikhundleni sendawo eyodwa;
- Ukukhethwa kwesithombe esinengilazi esihambelana nombono wangaphakathi ojwayelekile.
Izinto zokuhlobisa ezinamabala engilazi enamabala: kuhambisana nokukhanya
Amafasitela anengilazi ye- "flaming Gothic" abukeka ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu lapho ilanga lingena emagcekeni, futhi imibala emsulwa etholwe ngenxa yodayi bemvelo ikhanya futhi ijabule ngokugcwala kwayo. Namuhla, zonke izinhlobo zokukhanyisa okufakelwayo zingasetshenziswa, kwakha ukugcwala kokukhanya okudingekayo ngokwesimo sokuhlobisa esinikeziwe.
Ugesi ukuvumela ukuthi ubeke imidwebo yezingilazi ekhanyisiwe lapho kungekho ukukhanya kwemvelo (iphaseji, ihholo). Izikhala zodonga ezigcwele amafasitela anengilazi ekhanyayo zenza ukukholelwa kwelanga, okubalulekile empilweni yomuntu ngokwengqondo.
Itafula lokudlela, lapho indwangu yengilazi enamabala ifreyimu ngokhuni, ingaba yinto egqamile yegumbi lokudlela. Ukukhanya kwangemuva kuyadingeka lapha, kukuvumela ukuthi ubone konke ukunotha kwemibala ecebile. Isikrini somlilo, esihlanganisa insimbi nengilazi ependiwe, sizongeza umphumela ofanayo kumoya wegumbi lokuphumula.
Ukusetshenziswa kwengilazi enamabala kwifenisha: izinto zakudala nokufundwa kwanamuhla
Izinto zefenisha ezifakwe ingilazi enamabala zizofaneleka kunoma yiliphi igumbi lendlu: ikhishi, igumbi lokulala, igumbi lokudlela, igumbi lokuphumula. Into esemqoka ukuthi zifana nengaphakathi.
- I-Sideboard, i-showcase, i-sideboard izobeka i-tableware, ingilazi ne-crystal ngemuva kweminyango yengilazi enamabala;
- I-chiffonier, lapho umnyango ophakathi ugcwala khona okufakwe ingilazi enamabala, kanti nangaphandle kwenziwa ngokhuni oluhloniphekile, kuzohlobisa igumbi lokulala elikhulu;
- Isikrini sengilazi enamabala, equkethe iminyango yamapaneli aqinile noma ehlotshiswe ngomhlobiso wengilazi enemibala engxenyeni engenhla, sizohlukanisa indawo yokuzilibazisa yangasese estudiyo esincane;
- Ingaphambili lamakhabethe aphezulu esethi yasekhishini, elihlotshiswe ngamawindi anengilazi enamabala, lengeza ukuthinta kwakudala okuthokomele emoyeni wasekhishini.
Ngemuva kokukhetha ihedsethi enezingilazi ezinamabala, qiniseka ukuthi ithayela le-apron elingaphezulu kobuso bomsebenzi alithathi hlangothi futhi aliphazamisi ukunakwa kusuka kugama eliyinhloko elinemibala.
Izinketho zisekelwe kweqiniso
Umklami uyakwazi ukucacisa ukuthi iyiphi inguqulo yokuhlobisa ingilazi enamabala efanelekile ekamelweni elikhona, kepha igama lokugcina lingelabo abazohlala bezungezwe ingilazi enemibala. Uma indlu yezwe ibukeka njengenqaba, sebenzisa ifasitela elijwayelekile lokusetha uhlobo lwengilazi. Uma ufuna ubukhazikhazi bengilazi enamabala, nezingane ezincane nezilwane ezifuywayo zitholakalela efulethini, ima ezinhlotsheni ze-analog. Ngesikhala esiphansi sokuhlala, hlobisa ikhaya lakho ngezinto eziningi usebenzisa ubucwebe bengilazi. Ubumnandi bokuchichima kwemibala ekhanyayo nokukhanya kuqinisekisiwe kunoma ikuphi.
