Izitshalo eziluhlaza ziyakwazi ukuvuselela noma iyiphi ingaphakathi, ziyigcwalise ngokusha nangokunethezeka. Kepha ngeke umangaze noma ngubani one-ficuses ejwayelekile ne-cacti. Enye into iphaneli lodonga noma isithombe se-moss. Ukuqanjwa okwenziwe ngale nto kubukeka kungajwayelekile, kuyabiza futhi kuyakhanga ngendlela emangalisayo. Kuyaziswa ngenxa yamathuba abanzi kakhulu wephalethi ebanzi nokuthungwa okumnandi. Amapaneli odonga nemidwebo kubekiwe kubulembu, kusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ifenisha, ama-aquariums, izindonga, amawashi, amalambu.
Izisusa zemvelo zibhekene nenye inqwaba yokuthandwa kwazo namuhla. Ubulembu bemvelo bungomunye wabamele abathandekayo nabafunwa kakhulu bomphakathi wezinto ze-eco.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo:
- okwenziwe - ukulingisa kubukeka kungabonakali, kushibhile, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ezindlini zokuhlala ezibizayo, emahhovisi ezinkampani ezihloniphayo;
- uyaphila - ofuna ngenkani kakhulu ukunakekelwa, isikhathi esifushane;
- kuqinisiwe.
Inketho yokugcina idlula ezinye ezikhundleni eziningi, ngakho-ke kulesi sihloko sizocubungula kahle ubulembu obuzinzile - ukuthi buyini, buyini futhi buyini ubuncane bayo, ukuthi ingasetshenziswa kanjani ekuhlobiseni imidwebo yangaphakathi.
Mayelana nobulembu obuzinzile
I-Moss ingatholakala emhlabeni wonke. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-10 000 zalesi sitshalo sezizonke. Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke inhlobo efanelekile ukuzinza. Ekukhiqizweni, izinhlobo ezithile kuphela ezisetshenziswayo, okuthi, ngokwezici zazo, zihambisane ngangokunokwenzeka nemisebenzi abayabelwe.
Ukuqiniswa uhlobo lokongiwa kobulembu bemvelo. Ngamagama alula, isitshalo esiphilayo simanziswa kusixazululo esithile ukuze simise ukukhula kwaso, sisivumelanise nomhlobiso.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobulembu zisetshenziselwa ukwenza umkhiqizo ozinzile:
- i-reindeer lichen - efinyeleleka kakhulu ezindaweni zethu;
- i-sphagnum;
- i-oki - ifana ne-algae;
- ngeziqu namaqabunga;
- i-dikranum - ngendlela yama-panicles;
- ihlathi;
- inkungu.
Ukuqamba izingoma, i-reindeer lichen, enombala oluhlaza okhangayo ogqamile, ivame ukusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukukuthola ezindaweni zethu zokuhlala. Izikhombise ngokuphawulekayo njengomhlobiso wezithombe ezibaziwe zangaphandle nezangaphakathi namaphaneli.
Kusendalini le nto yethulwe ngale ndlela:
- izingqimba;
- uhlevane;
- amabhola.
Abantu bafunde ukuzinzisa ubulembu ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1940. Elinye lamalungelo obunikazi okuqala wokukhiqizwa kwalo lanikezwa e-USA ngo-1949. Ubuchwepheshe bokuqala babusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwezixazululo zikasawoti kanye nokudaya ngemibala ethile yombala. Izinto ezizinzile zazisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa iziqu zezimbali, okwakungabalingiswa abakhulu ezingomeni eziningi. Kulezi zinsuku, abaklami baya ngokuya ngokuncamela amapaneli nemidwebo evela kubulembu.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe bokusimamisa i-moss buthathelwa indawo obunye. Enye yezinkambiso zakamuva yi-glycerinization. Ngokusho kwakhe, lesi sitshalo sibekwa kwisisombululo esikhethekile se-glycerin namanzi ngokufakwa kwedayi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka, i-glycerin ingena esakhiweni sayo. Le yindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuyigcina. Ngenxa yaso, ukuqina kobulembu, amandla ayo okumelana namathonya ahlukahlukene wokusebenza kukhuphuke kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nosawoti.
Izinzuzo nobubi bemidwebo yama-moss
Imidwebo eyenziwe ngobulembu iyinjabulo yangempela nokuphumula kwamehlo. Zithandwa ngendlela emangalisayo futhi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa amahhotela, izindawo zokudlela, izikhungo zebhizinisi. Izindwangu zokuphila zibonisa ukuthi abanikazi bazo balandela eduze izitayela futhi banendaba nokunethezeka kwamakhasimende abo.
Ukuqanjwa okuluhlaza okotshani kunezinye izinzuzo futhi. Zihlukile:
- ukubukeka kobuhle - zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele kakhulu futhi zingangena ngokuphelele kunoma isiphi isiqondisi sesitayela;
- izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zombili izixazululo zesitayela nombala;
- ubungani bemvelo - ungabangeli ukusabela okweqile nezinye izifo;
- ukuvimbela umsindo;
- ukunakekelwa okulula - akudingeki ukuthi kuniselwe noma kuvundiswe. Ukukhanyisa okungeziwe nakho akudingeki;
- ukungabikho kwezinambuzane, ama-bacterium e-pathogenic kanye nama-microorganisms;
- ukuguquguquka - izingqimba zobulembu zingasetshenziswa ukuqeda indawo yanoma yikuphi ukwakheka;
- ukuqina.
Okubi kwalokhu kuhlobisa kufaka:
- izindleko ezingezona ezesabelomali - kulabo abafuna ukuhlonishwa - lesi simo kunalokho sihlanganisa kunokukhipha;
- isidingo sokuhlinzeka ngomswakama othile ekamelweni - okungenani ama-40%;
- isidingo sokukhetha ngokucophelela indawo futhi wakhe izimo ezamukelekayo ukugcina amandla "wendwangu" eluhlaza. Ilanga elikhanyayo, imithombo yokushisa, amazinga okushisa aphansi athinta kabi izitshalo ezizinzile.
Iphi indawo engcono yokubeka izithombe zobulembu
Inqubo evundile yokulima ingadi ikuvumela ukuthi udale izindlu zangaphakathi ezihlukile, ezingavamile ekhaya, efulethini noma ehhovisi. Ukuqanjwa okuluhlaza okotshani okumnandi kuzokwenza noma yiliphi igumbi elibuhlungu likhanye, libukeke futhi lithokomele kakhulu. Imidwebo, amaphaneli, amaphaneli enziwe ngobulembu angasetshenziswa ku:
- amakamelo ezingane - imikhiqizo enemibala eminingi eyenziwe nge-moss, edwetshiwe ngemibala ekhanyayo, ibukeka kahle;
- emakhishini;
- amakamelo okulala;
- indlu yokugezela;
- iphaseji;
- amakamelo okuhlala;
- ingadi yasebusika;
- kuvulandi ofudumele;
- emagcekeni ehhovisi.
UMoss uhambisana ngokuphelele nezinye izinto zemvelo - ukhuni, itshe, imicu yomisiwe, isusa kahle izitini. Ukuqanjwa kwemvelo kuzosiza ekwakheni isitayela se-eco ngaphakathi.
Iresiphi ye-moss eyenziwe yazenzela ekhaya
Ungazenzela ngokwakho izinto ezizinzile. Ake sicabangele izindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu.
Owokuqala ukugqumisa ngokufakwa kwe-glycerin ne-methyl hydrate.
Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- Sihlanza isitshalo - susa uthuli nemfucumfucu.
- Lungisa inhlanganisela yezingxenye ezi-2 ze-glycerin nengxenye eyodwa ye-methyl hydrate.
- Sifaka isitshalo esitsheni nenhlanganisela bese sisishiya imizuzu eyi-10. Lesi sitshalo kufanele sigcwale uketshezi.
- Siyakhipha futhi sikhiphe umswakama okweqile.
- Siyendlala ngethawula bese siyishiya izoma izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Umkhiqizo ophelile kufanele uthambe futhi unwebe.
Ukuthola enye iresiphi, kusetshenziswa i-glycerin namanzi kuphela.
Izigaba zokuzinzisa:
- Hlanganisa ingxenye eyi-glycerin nengxenye eyodwa yamanzi afudumele.
- Faka udayi, njengoba ukwakheka kuzokhipha umbala we-villi.
- Sigcwalisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlutshiwe bese sihamba endaweni emnyama isonto lonke.
- Siphuza uketshezi bese siphinda inqubo.
- Ngemuva kwesonto, sikhipha isitshalo kulolo ketshezi bese sisomisa ngomswakama we-40%, sigweme ilanga eliqondile.
Ukuzinzisa ubulembu akudingi utshalomali olukhulu. Ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi buzokuvumela ukuthi uthole umhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wanamuhla wendlu yakho noma wefulethi lakho.
Umbala moss
Idayi engezwe kusixazululo samanzi se-glycerin izovumela ubulembu ukuthi babuyele endaweni yabo yemvelo eluhlaza. Ungazama futhi udaye imicu ngemibala ekhanyayo engeyona eyemvelo. Imibala ekhanyayo ephuzi, epinki, e-turquoise izobukeka kahle ekamelweni lezingane noma ngaphakathi kuhlotshiswe ngesitayela sobuciko be-pop.
Idayi lengezwa kusixazululo sokuzinza. Ungasebenzisa ama-watercolor, i-gouache, upende wokudla. Ukuze unqume, udinga ukulungisa izixazululo eziningana ngodayi abahlukahlukene bese uhlola umphumela wazo ngokuhlola.
Ungasenza kanjani isithombe noma iphaneli le-moss ngezandla zakho
Izingcezu zobulembu zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa umdwebo. Lesi sitshalo singasetshenziswa sibe izingcezu, okwenza kuso kube yisisekelo sezinhlaka zehlathi noma zedolobhana, noma sigcwalise yonke indwangu ngaso. Kuhambisana nezinye izitshalo ezizinzile njengezimbali, iziphuzo ezinomsoco, amafern, kanye nezigaxa namagatsha e-coniferous.
Izinto ezidingekayo namathuluzi
Ukwenza umdwebo nge-moss, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle:
- Uhlaka noma i-stretcher yosayizi oyifunayo. Awudingi ingilazi, ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa ifreyimu endala.
- ishidi lamakhadibhodi aminyene, ukhokho, ipulasitiki noma igwebu lesisekelo;
- ama-moss azinzile ngemibala ehlukene;
- izengezo zokuhlobisa - izimbali, amahlumela, izigaxa, iziphuzo, izipisi, izingcezu zamagxolo, amantongomane, ama-acorn;
- i-PVA glue engenamanzi;
- itheyiphu emaceleni amabili;
- i-glue yezinkuni;
- isibhamu seglue.
Ungenza kuphela ngesibhamu seglue. Lokhu kuzosheshisa inqubo ngangokunokwenzeka. Khumbula ukuthi kulokhu, kuzothatha iglue eningi, futhi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokucophelela ukuze ingaphumi ngaphansi kwezitshalo.
I-algorithm yokwakha umdwebo
Lapho usunakho konke okudingayo okulungile, ungaqala inqubo yokwakha ukwakheka.
Izinyathelo eziyinhloko
- Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabange ngamaphuzu asemqoka, unqume ukuma komkhiqizo - okuvundlile noma okuqondile, unqume ukuthi uzombozwa ngokuphelele ngobulembu noma isitshalo sizosetshenziswa kancane.
- Sikhetha isihloko. Izigaxa eziluhlaza ziyizengezo ezinhle ezithombeni zehlathi lezinganekwane noma isigodi esinenqaba endala. Ingasetshenziselwa ukudala impilo enhle kakhulu enamajikijolo noma izithelo zokufakelwa. Kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo futhi ingqikithi yonyaka omusha ayihlukile.
- Siqhubeka nokufaka izakhi esisekelweni. Izinto ezingasindi zingavikeleka nge-tape esezinhlangothini ezimbili, ngezinto ezisindayo kungcono ukusebenzisa isibhamu seglue. Namathisela izingcezu ngokohlelo noma ngokungahleliwe.
Ngokuningiliziwe, inqubo yokwakha umdwebo ovela kubulembu yethulwe kuvidiyo elandelayo.
Isigaba sobuciko sokudweba nosisi odongeni
Isitshalo esiluhlaza asisebenzisi nje kuphela kuzicelo. Inhlanganisela elungiselelwe ngokukhethekile yemicu yayo ingasebenza njengopende. Lokhu kuqanjwa kusetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi udonga olunolaka kusetshenziswa ibhulashi elijwayelekile, elikuvumela ukuthi udale noma yiziphi izithombe namaphethini.
Ukulungisa ingxube uzodinga:
- ubulembu - izandla ezi-2;
- i-kefir - 2 tbsp;
- amanzi - 2 tbsp;
- ushukela - 0.5 tsp;
- isiraphu yamabele.
Izingongolo kufanele zigezwe futhi ziqoshwe ku-blender futhi zihlanganiswe nazo zonke izithako ezingenhla. Faka isiraphu yommbila kancane kancane, uzuze ukungaguquguquki kokhilimu omuncu noma upende kawoyela.
Faka ingxube evelayo ngebhulashi odongeni ngokuthungwa okunzima. Ungasebenzisa i-stencil noma uqhamuke nesithombe ngokwakho. Ukuze kulondolozwe umdwebo, kufanele ufuthwe okungenani kanye ngesonto.
Ukubhala kukaMoss
Sinikeza izindlela ezimbili zokwenza umbhalo oqoshiwe:
Ngokunamathisela ubulembu. Izincwadi kudingeka kuqala zidwetshwe ephepheni noma ziphrintwe isifanekiso esivela kwi-Intanethi. Izincwadi zisikwa kusendlalelo se-moss ngokobungako bazo bese zilungiswa odongeni nge-tape esezinhlangothini ezimbili.
Kusetshenziswa ingxube echazwe ngenhla. Indlela elula yokwenza umbhalo usebenzisa i-stencil.
Iwashi le-Moss
Ngosizo lwe-moss, ungaguqula noma yiliphi iwashi libe yinto eyingqayizivele yokwakha. Kwanele ukunamathisela useyili, izigaxa noma imichilo yobulembu ohlakeni lwabo, futhi ngokushesha baphenduka umsebenzi wobuciko be-eco. Iwashi lizoheha iso kungakhathalekile ukuthi izinombolo kuphela ezigqanyisiwe ngosizo lwalo, ukuhlelwa kwenziwa noma indawo yonke imbozwe ngakho.
Okokuhlobisa amawashi, kufanelekile, izingqimba ezifakwe embossed noma inhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zempahla. Usebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ungahlukanisa izikhawu zesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ukuhlobisa iwashi ngezibalo zabantu, izilwane, amajikijolo noma izithelo.
Izibalo kufanele ziboshwe ngendlela yokuthi zingaphazamisi ukuhamba kwendlela. Ngenhloso efanayo, sebenzisa isisekelo esihlanganisiwe semicibisholo.
Ungayinakekela kanjani imidwebo
Ukunakekela izithombe ezenziwe ngobulembu kulula kakhulu - umkhiqizo awudingi ukuniselwa, ukwelashwa kusuka ezinambuzaneni, noma ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe okuhlelekile. Izici ze-antistatic zezitshalo zibasiza ukuba baxoshe uthuli. Ukuvimbela ukomiswa kwezitshalo ekamelweni, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lomswakama okungenani lama-40%. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzokwanela ukubeka iziqukathi eziningana ngamanzi noma i-humidifier yomoya wasendlini egumbini. Imisebenzi yobuciko beMoss ingahlala isikhathi eside, kepha ayihlali unomphela. Imikhiqizo ihlala iminyaka emi-5 kuye kwengu-7, ngemuva kwalokho ukugcwaliswa kuzodinga ukushintshwa.
Akuzona zonke izitshalo ekubunjweni ezingenabungozi, ngakho-ke udinga ukucubungula ngokucophelela ukubekwa kwamapaneli aluhlaza uma umndeni unezingane ezincane noma izilwane ezifuywayo.
Kukuziphi izitayela okusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ubulembu
Ngosizo lokuma kwendawo mpo, ungakha amakhanseli amahle amahle wokuphila. Zidumile futhi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo. Ukwakheka okunemibala okunjalo kungaba ukugqama kwengaphakathi kwanoma yisiphi isitayela. Lokhu ukuhlobisa okuhle kwe-loft, yesimanje, ubuncane, isitayela se-eco, okwakudala, ubuciko be-pop, i-hi-tech, ubuhlanga. Umkhiqizo onjalo uzoba yinto yobuciko ekhangayo nehlukile ehhovisi noma ngaphakathi kwekhaya.
Isiphetho
Imidwebo kaMoss iyisisombululo sesimanje futhi esijabulisa iso sokuhlobisa amakamelo ahlukahlukene. Uma ungakwazi ukukhokhela ukwakhiwa komklami, ungadala kalula umsebenzi wobuciko ngezandla zakho futhi ngasikhathi sinye ugcine imali eningi. Ngosizo lwezindlela ezilula ezithuthukisiwe, noma oqalayo emkhakheni wokuhlobisa angabhekana nalo msebenzi. Futhi ukwenza kube lula kuwe ukunquma ngombono oyinhloko wesithombe, sikunikeza ukuthi ujwayelane nezithombe zamaphrojekthi asevele asetshenzisiwe.
